Evidence mapPaperPMID 42100570Full record

ReviewFrontiers in human neuroscience2026

Dementia and cognitive decline in Black Brazilians: a narrative review.

Natália Rocha Tardelli, Georgia Garcia, Marcio Luiz Figueredo Balthazar

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in human neuroscience, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Natália Rocha Tardelli *Geriatrics Division, Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil.
Georgia Garcia *Geriatrics Division, Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil.
Marcio Luiz Figueredo BalthazarDepartment of Neurology, School of Medical Sciences (FCM), Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), São Paulo, Brazil.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Dementia prevalence is projected to rise most sharply in low-and middle-income countries, including Brazil. The Brazilian Black population (including individuals identified as Black and Brown) represents 56.5% of the population and is expected to comprise most older adults in the coming decades. Aims: This narrative review aims to synthesize studies on dementia, cognitive decline, and cognitive aging among Black Brazilians, analyzing publication characteristics and key findings to identify knowledge gaps and propose directions for future research. Methods: We searched PubMed, LILACS, and SciELO databases, and the SciSpace AI-powered tool. Eligible studies included those that: (a) examined the Brazilian Black population; and (b) provided descriptions or analyses of characteristics, clinical manifestations, risk factors, or responses to interventions related to cognitive decline, cognitive aging, and dementia. Publications that were not full-length articles were excluded. Results: We identified 18 papers (2000-2025), mostly cross-sectional, published in international journals. The median proportion of Black participants among samples was 39.5%. Seven studies were conducted in the state of São Paulo, and ten were carried out in the Southeast region of Brazil. A recurring sociodemographic feature in nine studies was the low educational attainment among Black participants. Twelve studies identified modifiable risk factors for dementia among black individuals, mainly related to socioeconomic disadvantages. Cognitive performance was assessed using various standardized instruments, such as the Mini-Mental State Examination and Clinical Dementia Rating Scale. We did not find studies about dementia care or any clinical trials. Conclusion: Our findings indicate the underrepresentation of Black individuals in dementia research. Ensuring the inclusion of Black populations in research requires investment in recruiting Black professionals into research teams, conducting interventions, and developing partnerships within Black communities. Existing Brazilian evidence suggests socioeconomic factors exert greater influence on cognitive function than genetic factors, underscoring the need for public policies that address social, income, healthcare access, and educational inequities. Beyond social investments, local research should develop culturally appropriate cognitive assessment tools and culturally compatible protective activities and lifestyles among marginalized populations. Finally, culturally tailored strategies for person-centered dementia care and carers' support are needed.

Indexed as

African continental ancestry groupBlack peopleBrazilcognitive agingcognitive declinedementia

Identifiers

PMID42100570
PMCPMC13143976

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.