Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42100824›Full record

ArticlePsychological medicine2026

Inflammatory markers in the emergency department and PTSD symptoms in the AURORA Study: A longitudinal cohort study.

Kristen Nishimi, Sarah D Linnstaedt, Thomas C Neylan, Lauren A McKibben, Liz Marie Albertorio-Sáez, Ying Zhao, Stacey L House, Francesca L Beaudoin, Xinming An, Jennifer S Stevens and 29 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Psychological medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

39 authors.

Kristen NishimiMental Health, San Francisco VA Health Care System, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6189-830X
Sarah D LinnstaedtInstitute for Trauma Recovery, UNC-Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA.
Thomas C NeylanDepartments of Psychiatry and Neurology, University of California San Francisco, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1572-2626
Lauren A McKibbenInstitute for Trauma Recovery, UNC-Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA.
Liz Marie Albertorio-SáezInstitute for Trauma Recovery, UNC-Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA.
Ying ZhaoInstitute for Trauma Recovery, UNC-Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6781-092X
Stacey L HouseDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in Saint Louis: Washington University, USA.
Francesca L BeaudoinDepartment of Epidemiology, Brown University, USA.
Xinming AnInstitute for Trauma Recovery, UNC-Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA.
Jennifer S StevensDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, USA.
Gari D CliffordDepartment of Biomedical Informatics, Emory University School of Medicine, USA.
Tanja JovanovicDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University, USA.
Laura T GermineInstitute for Technology in Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, USA.
Scott L RauchInstitute for Technology in Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, USA.
John P HaranDepartment of Emergency Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, USA.
Alan B StorrowDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2893-808X
Paul I MuseyDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, USA.
Phyllis L HendryDepartment of Emergency Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine - Jacksonville, USA.
Sophia SheikhDepartment of Emergency Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine - Jacksonville, USA.
Brittany E PunchesDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Ohio State University College of Medicine, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7546-1966
Robert A SworDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, USA.
Jose L PascualDepartments of Surgery and Neurosurgery, University of Pennsylvania, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1613-7912
Mark J SeamonPerelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7536-5467
Elizabeth M DatnerDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Jefferson Einstein Hospital, Jefferson Health, USA.
Claire PearsonDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Wayne State University, Ascension St. John Hospital, USA.
David A PeakDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, USA.
Roland C MerchantDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, USA.
Robert M DomeierDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Trinity Health-Ann Arbor, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4990-9165
Niels K RathlevDepartment of Emergency Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School - Baystate Campus: Baystate Medi, USA.
Brian J O'NeilDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit Receiving Hospital, USA.
Paulina SergotDepartment of Emergency Medicine, McGovern Medical School at UTHealth, USA.
Leon D SanchezDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Harvard Medical School, USA.
Steven E BruceDepartment of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri-St. Louis, USA.
Steven E HarteDepartment of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan Medical School, USA.
Ronald C KesslerDepartment of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4831-2305
Karestan C KoenenDepartment of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, USA.
Kerry J ResslerDepartment of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, USA.
Samuel A McLeanInstitute for Trauma Recovery, UNC-Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9482-3582
Aoife O'DonovanDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, USA.

Funding

Longitudinal Assessment of Post-traumatic SyndromesU01MH110925 · NIMH · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI KESSLER, RONALD C, KOENEN, KARESTAN C · 2016 to 2020
$25.8M
CSRD VA IK2 CX002627MAYDAY FundNIMH NIH HHS U01MH110925One MindU.S. Army Medical Research Acquisition Activity W81XWH22C012U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs IK2CX002627
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSystemic inflammation is hypothesized to contribute to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) vulnerability. Few studies have examined inflammation shortly after trauma as a predictor of later PTSD symptoms. We examined whether inflammation from the emergency department (ED) post-trauma is associated with PTSD symptom severity over the following 6 months.

methodsOur sample included 742 AURORA participants, a longitudinal cohort of patients in 29 EDs across the United States after a traumatic stressor, followed up to 6 months. Plasma cytokines were assessed from a study blood draw in the ED: an inflammatory index (standardized sum of generally pro-inflammatory markers interleukin [IL]-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-α], interferon gamma [IFN-γ]), and generally anti-inflammatory IL-10. PTSD symptoms were self-reported at 2 weeks, 8 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months post-ED. Covariate-adjusted repeated-measures regressions estimated associations between inflammation and PTSD symptoms, overall and sex-stratified.

resultsAmong 742 participants (age

conclusionsPro-inflammatory levels shortly after traumatic stress are associated with heightened PTSD symptoms, particularly among males. Inflammatory markers may prove useful additions to prediction models for PTSD following trauma, with attention to sex differences.

Indexed as

CytokinesEmergency Service, HospitalInflammationStress Disorders, Post-TraumaticAdultBiomarkersFemaleHumansInterleukin-10Interleukin-6Interleukin-8Longitudinal StudiesMaleMiddle AgedSeverity of Illness IndexTumor Necrosis Factor-alphaBiomarkersCytokinesInterleukin-10Interleukin-6Interleukin-8Tumor Necrosis Factor-alphaCytokinesInflammationPost-traumatic Stress DisorderTrauma

Identifiers

PMID42100824
PMCPMC13161806

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.