Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42100825›Full record

ArticleNanomedicine (London, England)2026

Microglia encapsulation in nanozyme-loaded hydrogels: response to oxidative stress and inflammation.

Sara Martín-Colomo, Aitor Ontoria, Christos Tapeinos, Ana Beloqui, Jose Ramon Pineda, Aitor Larrañaga

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nanomedicine (London, England), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Sara Martín-ColomoDepartment of Mining-Metallurgy Engineering and Materials Science, POLYMAT, Bilbao School of Engineering, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-6443-8226
Aitor OntoriaPOLYMAT and Department of Applied Chemistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.ORCID 0009-0001-6926-9759
Christos TapeinosDivision of Pharmacy and Optometry, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-8192-6750
Ana BeloquiPOLYMAT and Department of Applied Chemistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-7693-4163
Jose Ramon PinedaDepartment of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-0900-7466
Aitor LarrañagaDepartment of Mining-Metallurgy Engineering and Materials Science, POLYMAT, Bilbao School of Engineering, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-2123-6069

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimTo investigate the role of hydrogel composition and nanozymes incorporation on the inflammatory response of encapsulated murine microglia.

methodsSodium alginate (SA) hydrogels containing i) hyaluronic acid (HA) of low-100 kDa or high-1 MDa molecular weight and ii) Mn

resultsHA enhanced cell-biomaterial interactions and reduced cell aggregation. Under normal culture conditions, HA induced a pro-inflammatory response, particularly with high-MW HA, with a 7-fold increase in IL-6 expression and a 2.2-fold increase in TNF-α secretion. Under prolonged LPS stimulation, HA promoted an anti-inflammatory shift, with a 2-fold decrease in IL-1β expression and restored IL-4 expression to basal levels. Mn

conclusionSA hydrogels are promising carriers for antioxidant nanozymes and microglia, modulating cell response under prolonged inflammation while protecting cells from oxidative stress.

Indexed as

HydrogelsInflammationMicrogliaNanoparticlesOxidative StressAlginatesAnimalsGlucuronic AcidHexuronic AcidsHyaluronic AcidHydrogen PeroxideInterleukin-1betaLipopolysaccharidesManganese CompoundsMiceTumor Necrosis Factor-alphaAlginatesGlucuronic AcidHexuronic AcidsHyaluronic AcidHydrogelsHydrogen PeroxideInterleukin-1betaLipopolysaccharidesManganese CompoundsTumor Necrosis Factor-alphahydrogelsmicrogliananozymesNeuroinflammationoxidative stress

Identifiers

PMID42100825
PMCPMC13166212

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.