ArticleApplied biochemistry and biotechnology2026
In Vitro Evaluation of Novel Synthetic Benzimidazolium-Chalcone Hybrids: Antioxidant and Regenerative Effects in Diabetic Wound Healing.
Article in Applied biochemistry and biotechnology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is increasing daily worldwide. DM patients suffer from numerous complications, including the development of chronic wounds that can lead to amputation. These complications necessitate innovative approaches. As part of these innovative approaches, this study synthesized four chalcone derivatives and evaluated their activities in an in vitro diabetic wound model. Several spectroscopic techniques, including 1 H and 13 C NMR and HR-MS, were used to confirm the structures of the newly synthesized compounds. After investigating the inhibition of α-glucosidase in HDF-1 cells treated with D-glucose (50 mM), MTT tests and scratch tests were performed. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), total antioxidant status (TAS), and procollagen type-1 were analyzed using an ELISA kit. Additionally, proliferation (Ki67), inflammatory (Nuclear factor kappa B; NFκB), and growth factor (Platelet-derived growth factor subunit A; PDGFA) markers in fibroblasts were assessed by immunohistochemistry. All compounds exhibited strong α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, with IC₅₀ values ranging from 1.115 to 1.612 µg/mL. Cytotoxicity analysis demonstrated that all compounds were biocompatible, maintaining over 85% cell viability in HDF-1 cells. Under diabetic conditions, treatment significantly improved cell viability and promoted wound closure, particularly in C4. In addition, the compounds reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β while increasing TAS and procollagen type I levels. Immunocytochemical findings revealed enhanced Ki67 and PDGFA expression and decreased NFκB activation in treated groups. Molecular docking analysis supported the experimental findings by demonstrating favorable binding interactions with α-glucosidase. In conclusion, chalcone derivatives-particularly compound C4-promote diabetic wound healing through multitarget mechanisms involving anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and pro-regenerative effects, highlighting their strong therapeutic potential.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.