Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42101923›Full record

ArticlePlant signaling & behavior2026

Ascorbic and salicylic acid regulate antioxidant defense and drought stress responses in maize.

Areeba Abdul Khaliq, Muhammad Shahbaz Naeem, Kaleem Ul Din, Muhammad Ahmad, Usman Zulfiqar, Md Opu Sarker, Umair Ashraf, Sajad Ali, Gamal Awad El-Shaboury, Abdulrahman Alasmari and 1 more

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Article in Plant signaling & behavior, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

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No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Areeba Abdul KhaliqDepartment of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Muhammad Shahbaz NaeemDepartment of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Kaleem Ul DinDepartment of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Muhammad AhmadWest Central Research, Extension & Education Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, North Platte, NE, United States.
Usman ZulfiqarDepartment of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan.ORCID 0000-0003-3820-1476
Md Opu SarkerWest Central Research, Extension & Education Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, North Platte, NE, United States.
Umair AshrafDepartment of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
Sajad AliDepartment of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.
Gamal Awad El-ShabouryDepartment of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.
Abdulrahman AlasmariDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.
Mohd Asif ShahKardan University, Parwane Du, Kabul, Afghanistan.ORCID 0009-0000-2821-5423

Funding

Non-US Government Research Support type
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Climate change led to water scarcity becoming the greatest threat to the growth and yield of maize. Despite the application of growth promoters, the synergistic effects of ascorbic and salicylic acid application remain unexplored, regarding the biochemical mechanisms in the maize plant under drought stress conditions. This study aimed to investigate the impact of foliar applications of ascorbic and salicylic acid on inducing drought stress tolerance in maize. The treatments were comprised of drought (WW = well-watered at 85% FC, DS = drought stress at 40% FC), foliar application (NH = no-spray, DWS = distilled water spray, AA2 = ascorbic acid (200 mg/L), SA2 = salicylic acid (200 mg/L), and AA + SA = combined application (100 mg/L + 100 mg/L). Results showed that drought stress decreased morphological attributes such as shoot length (16%) and leaf area index (11%), photosynthetic pigments like total chlorophyll (15%), and carotenoid levels (19%). However, the combined foliar application of AA + SA significantly increased the above-mentioned morphological attributes (44% and 37%) and photosynthetic pigments (47% and 43%) among the other treatments. Drought stress increased the overproduction of stress indicators such as malondialdehyde (MDA) by 26% and hydrogen peroxide (H

Indexed as

AntioxidantsAscorbic AcidSalicylic AcidStress, PhysiologicalZea maysChlorophyllDrought ResistanceDroughtsHydrogen PeroxideMalondialdehydePhotosynthesisPlant LeavesAntioxidantsAscorbic AcidChlorophyllHydrogen PeroxideMalondialdehydeSalicylic AcidAntioxidant defenseoxidative stressstomatal regulationstress mitigation

Identifiers

PMID42101923
PMCPMC13166226

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.