Evidence mapPaperPMID 42102039Full record

ArticleObesity facts2026

Multidimensional Phenotyping of the OB-DIGITHUM Cohort of 1,014 Adults with Obesity across Four Sex- and Age-Stratified Profiles.

Clotilde Vázquez, Teresa Montoya-Alvarez, Jersy Cárdenas-Salas, Bogdana Luiza Luca, Amalia Paniagua, Yvonne Fernández, Víctor Pérez de Arenaza, Clara Marijuán, Francisco Arrieta, Claudia Causso and 4 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Obesity facts, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

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No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Clotilde VázquezService of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Obesity Unit, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Quironsalud, Madrid, Spain, clotilde.vazquez@quironsalud.es.
Teresa Montoya-AlvarezIIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Autonoma University, Madrid, Spain.
Jersy Cárdenas-SalasService of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Obesity Unit, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Quironsalud, Madrid, Spain.
Bogdana Luiza LucaService of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Obesity Unit, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Quironsalud, Madrid, Spain.
Amalia PaniaguaService of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Obesity Unit, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Quironsalud, Madrid, Spain.
Yvonne FernándezService of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Obesity Unit, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Quironsalud, Madrid, Spain.
Víctor Pérez de ArenazaService of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Obesity Unit, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Quironsalud, Madrid, Spain.
Clara MarijuánSection of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Obesity Unit, Hospital Universitario Rey Juan Carlos, Quironsalud, Madrid, Spain.
Francisco ArrietaSection of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Obesity Unit, Hospital Universitario Rey Juan Carlos, Quironsalud, Madrid, Spain.
Claudia CaussoSection of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Obesity Unit, Hospital Universitario Infanta Elena, Quironsalud, Madrid, Spain.
Leopoldo García-ValdecasasSection of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Obesity Unit, Hospital Universitario General de Villalba, Quironsalud, Madrid, Spain.
Roberto SierraService of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Obesity Unit, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Quironsalud, Madrid, Spain.
Irene HoyasService of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Obesity Unit, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Quironsalud, Madrid, Spain.
Sebastián Mas-FontaoService of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Obesity Unit, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Quironsalud, Madrid, Spain.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionObesity heterogeneity by sex and age is crucial for precise risk stratification. Limited phenotyping obscures sex-specific risks and contributes to diagnostic and treatment disparities.

methodsThis is a cross-sectional study of 1,014 adults with obesity (68% women; median age 50) from four Madrid Obesity Centers using a digital pathway (OB-DigiThum) including anthropometry, bioimpedance, biomarkers, and comorbidity screening. Fat mass (FM) and skeletal muscle mass (SMM) were normalized to body surface area (FM/BSA; SMM/BSA). Participants were stratified into four predefined sex and age-groups (female <50, female ≥50, male <50, male ≥50). Multidimensional phenotyping was performed using discriminant analysis and hierarchical clustering applied to standardized group-level mean profiles.

resultsWomen had higher FM/BSA and lower SMM/BSA than men (p < 0.001), highlighting BMI's limitations. With age, women's BMI fell despite stable/increasing fat due to muscle loss (sarcopenic risk). Men showed more cardiometabolic disease overall, but post-menopausal women experienced sharp rises in type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Psychological distress was more frequent in women; bulimic behaviors appeared in younger men. Physical inactivity was common; Mediterranean diet adherence was relatively strong, especially in participants aged ≥50 years. The four sex- and age-stratified profiles showed distinct patterns in body composition, metabolic risk, and psychological burden, supporting differential risk stratification across groups.

conclusionSex and age strongly shape obesity phenotypes. Post-menopausal women face accelerated metabolic deterioration and sarcopenia. FM/BSA and SMM/BSA enhance risk profiling. Sex- and age-tailored metabolic, physical, and mental health screening should guide personalized management.

Indexed as

Body composition indicesCardiometabolic riskObesity phenotypingSarcopenic obesitySex differences

Identifiers

PMID42102039
PMCPMC13345640

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.