Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42102149›Full record

ArticleJournal of burn care & research : official publication of the American Burn Association2026

Utility of Hair Toxicology in Detecting Child Abuse or Neglect in the Burn Unit: A Quality Improvement Project.

Shady Al Hayek, Jack Bullis, Tessa A Davis-Walz, Colette Galet

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of burn care & research : official publication of the American Burn Association, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Shady Al HayekAcute Care Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States.ORCID 0009-0009-7409-8075
Jack BullisAcute Care Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States.
Tessa A Davis-WalzAcute Care Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States.
Colette GaletAcute Care Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-5931-2143

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Children represent 20% of all burn admissions annually; 20%-30% are related to abuse or neglect. Our institution's Child Protective Services recently decided to stop following and interpreting hair toxicology results for pediatric patients with burn injuries. Drug use/exposure is an important risk factor for child abuse/neglect. The goal of this study was to evaluate the value of hair toxicology testing to identify child abuse or neglect. Medical records of pediatric patients ≤14 years admitted between January 1, 2019 and February 29, 2024 were reviewed. Demographics, burn injury information, suspicion of child abuse/neglect on admission, routine urine drug screening tests, hair toxicology results, and reporting to the State Health and Human Services (HHS) were collected. Descriptive statistics were obtained. Univariate analyses were performed to assess the utility of hair toxicology with P < .05 considered significant. Two hundred ninety-eight patients were included; child abuse was suspected in 31.5%; hair toxicology was performed for 75.2% of patients and was positive for 35.7%. Hair toxicology was more likely to be performed when child abuse was suspected on admission (81.9% vs 72.1%, P = .044), and to be positive (40.4% vs 20.6%, P < .001). Suspicion on admission was associated with higher HHS involvement (95.7% vs 24%, P < .001). Health and Human Services was more likely to be involved when hair toxicology was performed (54% vs 24.3%, P < .004) and positive (96.3% vs 28.4%, P < .001). Hair toxicology screening for pediatric patients with burn injuries is still a valuable tool to help clinicians report suspected abuse/neglect not otherwise detected on admission using other tools.

Indexed as

BurnsChild AbuseHairQuality ImprovementSubstance Abuse DetectionAdolescentBurn UnitsChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansInfantMaleRetrospective Studiesabuse/neglectburn injurychildrenhair toxicology

Identifiers

PMID42102149
PMCPMC13338634

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.