ArticleScientific reports2026
Simultaneous PET/fMRI distinguishes the separate and synergistic effects of T2DM and MCI on cerebral glucose metabolism and fALFF.
Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a recognized risk factor for mild cognitive impairment (MCI), yet the combined effects of T2DM and MCI on cerebral metabolism and neural activity remain poorly characterized. Fifty-four participants were categorized into four groups based on the presence of T2DM and MCI. Simultaneous positron emission tomography (PET) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to assess cerebral glucose metabolism and the fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF). The main and interactive effects of T2DM and MCI were evaluated using the two-way analysis of variance. Partial correlation analyses were conducted to examine the relationships between clinical variables and cognitive scores and neuroimaging measures. Changes in glucose metabolism in the T2DM-MCI group were primarily attributable to T2DM, with significant alterations observed across frontal, occipital, and temporal lobes, as well as subcortical areas. Both main and interactive effects of T2DM and MCI were identified for fALFF. A synergistic interaction between T2DM and MCI was found specifically in the right amygdala, where their combined presence was associated with amplified intrinsic neural activity. Moreover, in the right angular gyrus (ANG), T2DM emerged as the predominant factor underlying concurrent reductions in glucose metabolism and fALFF. Clinically, fALFF in the left superior frontal gyrus-medial orbital showed a significant negative correlation with Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores in both MCI and T2DM-MCI groups, while fALFF in the right amygdala was positively correlated with Mini-Mental State Examination scores in the T2DM-MCI group. This PET/fMRI study establishes T2DM as a key driver of coupled metabolic and functional deficits in the right ANG and reveals a synergistic interaction with MCI that amplifies neural activity in the amygdala. These findings position the ANG and amygdala as potential early biomarkers for T2DM-related cognitive decline, offering new insights into mechanisms and potential therapies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.