Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42110287›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in public health2026

Socioeconomic inequity in extreme outcomes within very pre-term and/or very low birthweight infants: evidence from multi-national cohorts.

Hanifa Pilvar, Catia Nicodemo, Stavros Petrou, Brian A Darlow, Paula van Dommelen, Kari Anne I Evensen, Sarah Harris, John Horwood, Samantha Johnson, Neil Marlow and 6 more

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Article in Frontiers in public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Hanifa PilvarNuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Catia NicodemoNuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Stavros PetrouNuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Brian A DarlowDepartment of Paediatrics and Child Health, Christchurch University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Paula van DommelenThe Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), The Hague, Netherlands.
Kari Anne I EvensenDepartment of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
Sarah HarrisDepartment of Paediatrics and Child Health, Christchurch University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
John HorwoodDepartment of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Samantha JohnsonDepartment of Population Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.
Neil MarlowUniversity College London, London, United Kingdom.
Karen MathewsonDepartment of Psychology, Neuroscience and Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Saroj SaigalMcMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Louis A SchmidtDepartment of Psychology, Neuroscience and Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Dieter WolkeDepartment of Psychology, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom.
Lianne J WoodwardSchool of Health Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand.
Sungwook KimNuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Pre-term birth (< 37 weeks' gestation) is a major cause of neonatal mortality, with very pre-term (< 32 weeks' gestation) and extremely pre-term (< 28 weeks' gestation) infants facing the highest risks. While socioeconomic disparities in pre-term birth are well-documented, relatively little is known about inequities among the highest risk subgroups. Methods: Using data from the RECAP Pre-term Project across six high-income countries, we analyzed socioeconomic inequality in the incidence of extreme pre-term birth (EP) and extremely low birth weight (ELBW) among very pre-term/very low birth weight (VP/VLBW) infants. We measured inequality using concentration indices across cohorts and two adjusted measures of horizontal inequity (HI1 and HI2), to estimate the contributions of socioeconomic factors (e.g., parental education, ethnicity) to the outcomes. Results: Results showed that the incidence of EP in the Netherlands (HI Conclusions: Counterintuitively, EP/ELBW were concentrated among advantaged groups in some countries, possibly reflecting survival bias or unequal access to neonatal care. The study highlights the need for targeted policies addressing inequities within high-risk pre-term populations and underscores methodological challenges in assessing disparities among vulnerable subgroups.

Indexed as

Infant, Very Low Birth WeightPremature BirthCohort StudiesFemaleHumansInfant MortalityInfant, NewbornLow Socioeconomic StatusMaleSocioeconomic Disparities in HealthSocioeconomic Factorsconcentration indexhorizontal inequityinequalityRECAP Pre-term Projectvery low birth weightvery pre-term

Identifiers

PMID42110287
PMCPMC13149178

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.