Evidence mapPaperPMID 42110821Full record

ArticleACS omega2026

Dental Follicle-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Exosome-Loaded Three-Dimensional Electrospun Poly(ε-caprolactone)/Gelatin Scaffold Accelerates Diabetic Foot Wound Healing.

Hulya Kara Subasat, Deniz Genc, Osman Bulut, Leyla Tekin, Ozay Eroglu, Hanife Sevval Dere, Fatma Kuru, Ezgi Eren Belgin, Serhat Sezgin, Huseyin Cicek and 3 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in ACS omega, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Hulya Kara SubasatDepartment of Energy, Molecular Nano-Materials Laboratory, Mugla Sıtkı Koçman University, Mugla 48000, Turkiye.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2032-8930
Deniz GencFaculty of Health Sciences, Mugla Sıtkı Koçman University, Mugla 48000, Turkiye.
Osman BulutFaculty of Milas Veterinary Medicine, Muğla Sıtkı Kocman University, Milas, Mugla 48000, Turkiye.
Leyla TekinFaculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Mugla Sıtkı Koçman University, Mugla 48000, Turkiye.
Ozay ErogluDepartment of Energy, Molecular Nano-Materials Laboratory, Mugla Sıtkı Koçman University, Mugla 48000, Turkiye.
Hanife Sevval DereDepartment of Energy, Molecular Nano-Materials Laboratory, Mugla Sıtkı Koçman University, Mugla 48000, Turkiye.
Fatma KuruFaculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Mugla Sıtkı Koçman University, Mugla 48000, Turkiye.
Ezgi Eren BelginFaculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Mugla Sıtkı Koçman University, Mugla 48000, Turkiye.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1089-3741
Serhat SezginFaculty of Dentistry, Mugla Sıtkı Koçman University, Mugla 48000, Turkiye.
Huseyin CicekFaculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Mugla Sıtkı Koçman University, Mugla 48000, Turkiye.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9719-6481
Aziz BülbülFaculty of Milas Veterinary Medicine, Muğla Sıtkı Kocman University, Milas, Mugla 48000, Turkiye.
Gulhan AkbabaFaculty of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology, Mugla Sıtkı Koçman University, Mugla 48000, Turkiye.
Ayse GülResearch Laboratories Center, Immunology and Stem Cell Laboratory, Mugla Sıtkı Koçman University, Mugla 48000, Turkiye.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Diabetic foot ulcers are chronic wounds characterized by persistent inflammation and insufficient angiogenesis, leading to delayed healing and substantial clinical burden. This study presents a combined platform in which dental follicle-derived mesenchymal stem cell exosomes (DF-MSC-Exos) are integrated into three-dimensional (3D) electrospun poly-(ε-caprolactone)/gelatin (PCL/GEL) nanofiber scaffolds. The 3D scaffoldsfabricated using a custom collectorexhibited high porosity, rapid wettability, and water-vapor permeability conducive to cell infiltration and a moist wound environment. DF-MSC-Exos (200 μg per 2 × 5 mm scaffold) were loaded onto the nanofibers and evaluated in a streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat foot wound model. Compared with controls and blank scaffolds, exosome-loaded scaffolds accelerated wound closure (reaching 92.5 ± 2.4% by day 21 compared to 61.4 ± 4.0% for control), improved tissue organization, and reduced inflammatory infiltration by H&E analysis. Immunohistochemistry revealed a significant decrease in fibroblast growth factor in the NF + Exos group, a pattern consistent with enhanced early re-epithelialization and tempered late-phase fibroplasia; VEGF exhibited a modest pro-angiogenic increase. These histological and molecular readouts align with a pro-regenerative trajectorylower leukocytic burden, earlier epithelial coverage, and remodeling compatible with improved scar quality. In summary, DF-MSC-Exos delivered from a 3D PCL/GEL scaffold provide complementary structural guidance and sustained paracrine signaling, yielding faster and qualitatively superior healing in chronic diabetic wounds. This nanofiber-exosome platform is clinically relevant and scalable, and merits further mechanistic and translational evaluation.

Identifiers

PMID42110821
PMCPMC13150637

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.