Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42112418›Full record

ArticleCureus2026

Early Symblepharon Associated With Periocular Cosmetic Use in a Young Woman With Chronic Dry Eye Disease: A Case Report.

Kristo Hadi Audric Sugiaman, Stefenie Stefenie, Gede Pardianto

Abstract readCase Reports
In one paragraph

Article in Cureus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Kristo Hadi Audric SugiamanDepartment of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, Universitas Prima Indonesia, Medan, IDN.
Stefenie StefenieDepartment of Ophthalmology, Prima Vision Eye Hospital, Medan, IDN.
Gede PardiantoDepartment of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, Universitas Prima Indonesia, Medan, IDN.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Chronic dry eye disease (DED) is increasingly observed in younger individuals and is often associated with modifiable lifestyle factors. We report the case of a 27-year-old woman presenting with persistent ocular irritation, redness, and foreign-body sensation unresponsive to prior topical therapy. Clinical evaluation revealed mild conjunctival hyperemia and a localized inferonasal adhesion between the bulbar and tarsal conjunctiva in the right eye, consistent with early symblepharon formation. The findings were suggestive of evaporative DED exacerbated by habitual periocular cosmetic use and prolonged digital screen exposure. Management included discontinuation of cosmetic products, initiation of preservative-free lubricants, topical anti-inflammatory therapy, and implementation of eyelid hygiene and environmental modifications. At two-week follow-up, the patient demonstrated marked symptomatic improvement, with reduced ocular discomfort and no progression of the conjunctival adhesion. This case points out the possible role of chronic cosmetic exposure as an underrecognized contributor to ocular surface inflammation, tear film instability, and early conjunctival scarring. Early identification of modifiable risk factors and timely intervention are essential to prevent progression and preserve long-term ocular surface integrity.

Indexed as

conjunctival adhesiondigital screen exposuredry eye disease (ded)evaporative dry eyeeye cosmeticmeibomian gland dysfunction (mgd)ocular surface inflammationperiocular cosmeticsymblepharontear film instability

Identifiers

PMID42112418
PMCPMC13157331

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.