Evidence mapPaperPMID 42112588Full record

ArticleNeural plasticity2026

Dexmedetomidine and Apigenin Combination Mitigates Memory Deficits Caused by Microglial Activation and Hippocampal Neurogenesis Impairment in Methotrexate-Induced Chemo-Brain in Rats.

Einas M Yousef, Omar Mohsen Eldemerdash, Mahmoud A Senousy, Mohamed Taha, Haidy Mohammed, Ismail Mohamed Elshaffei

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Article in Neural plasticity, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Einas M YousefDepartment of Anatomy and Genetics, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, 11533, Saudi Arabia, alfaisal.edu.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8935-0183
Omar Mohsen EldemerdashDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University (MIU), Cairo, Egypt, miuegypt.edu.eg.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0475-7388
Mahmoud A SenousyDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, 11562, Egypt, cu.edu.eg.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3942-0275
Mohamed TahaDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, 11562, Egypt, cu.edu.eg.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9806-826X
Haidy MohammedDepartment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, 12613, Egypt, cu.edu.eg.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6776-4644
Ismail Mohamed ElshaffeiDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University (MIU), Cairo, Egypt, miuegypt.edu.eg.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7736-8469

Funding

Alfaisal University
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Dexmedetomidine (Dex), an α2-adrenergic receptor agonist, and apigenin (Api), a naturally occurring bioflavonoid, have recently shown neuroprotective effects in experimental models of methotrexate (MTX)-induced neurotoxicity; however, the impact of their combined administration has not yet been elucidated. This study investigated the effects of Dex on microglial activation, neuroinflammation, and apoptosis, and the role of Api in hippocampal neurogenesis, along with its combined effects via the miR-15a/ROCK-1/ERK1/2/CREB/BDNF signaling cascade. Male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned into: a normal control group, Dex and Api-control groups, which received Dex or Api daily for 30 days, an MTX-only group that received MTX and leucovorin (LCV), Dex or Api cotreated groups received either Dex or Api with MTX and LCV, and a Dex + Api cotreated group received both drugs with MTX and LCV. Dex improved cognitive function by attenuating microglial activation. Api mitigated hippocampal neurogenesis, as shown by decreased Ki-67 and doublecortin (DCX) expression. Compared with Dex or Api alone, the combined treatment had more favorable effects on novel object recognition (NOR), miR-15a, ROCK-1, ERK1/2, histopathological changes, and Ki-67 neurogenesis marker over Api or Dex monotherapy, and improved CREB/BDNF signaling over Dex alone. However, no additional favorable effects on microglial activation, redox balance, IL-1β, or apoptosis were observed. The combination of Dex and Api exhibits more pronounced neuroprotective effects by potentiating modulation of the miR-15a/ROCK-1/ERK1/2/CREB/BDNF signaling cascade, improving cognitive behavior, and enhancing hippocampal neurogenesis.

Indexed as

ApigeninHippocampusMemory DisordersMethotrexateMicrogliaNeurogenesisNeuroprotective AgentsAnimalsDoublecortin ProteinDrug Therapy, CombinationMaleRatsRats, Sprague-DawleyApigeninDcx protein, ratDoublecortin ProteinMethotrexateNeuroprotective Agents

Identifiers

PMID42112588
PMCPMC13159093

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.