Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42119459›Full record

ArticleClinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil)2026

Immunoinformatics-driven design of a multi-epitope vaccine against Seoul Virus: Structural, dynamic, and immunogenic profiling.

Muhammad Naveed, Muhammad Asim, Tariq Aziz, Hafiz Muzzammel Rehman, Wafa Abdullah I Al-Megrin, Ashwag Shami, Maher S Alwethaynani, Abdullah A Alqasem, Ahmad A Alghamdi, Mohammed F Abuzinadah and 2 more

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Article in Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Muhammad NaveedDepartment of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
Muhammad AsimDepartment of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
Tariq AzizLaboratory of Animal Health, Hygiene and Food Quality University of Ioannina Arta Greece. Electronic address: iwockd@gmail.com.
Hafiz Muzzammel RehmanSchool of Biochemistry & Biotechnology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
Wafa Abdullah I Al-MegrinDepartment of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia.
Ashwag ShamiDepartment of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia.
Maher S AlwethaynaniDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Alquwayiyah, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Abdullah A AlqasemDepartment of Medical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia.
Ahmad A AlghamdiDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Saudi Arabia.
Mohammed F AbuzinadahDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia.
Ahmed M AbdulfattahDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia.
Majid AlhomraniDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Saudi Arabia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

objectiveSeoul Virus (SEOV), a zoonotic hantavirus, is a major cause of Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome (HFRS) and represents a global health challenge. With no licensed vaccines or specific antivirals available, this study aimed to design a glycoprotein-based multi-epitope vaccine against SEOV using immunoinformatics approaches. MATERIALS AND

methodsMHC-I and MHC-II epitopes were predicted via the Immune Epitope Database (IEDB) and screened for antigenicity, non-allergenicity, and non-toxicity. Four constructs were designed, with V2 selected as the best candidate. Structural modeling was performed using AlphaFold3 and validated with Ramachandran analysis. Molecular docking with Toll-like receptor-4, molecular dynamics simulations, and immune simulations were conducted to evaluate stability and immunogenicity.

resultsThe V2 construct demonstrated high antigenicity (0.683) and broad population coverage (95.94%). Structural validation confirmed 95.6% of residues in favored regions. Docking revealed strong binding to Toll-like receptor-4, and dynamics confirmed stability through RMSD, RMSF, Rg, PCA, DCCM, and FEL analysis. Immune simulations predicted robust responses, including high IgG1 titers. Codon optimization (GC content 56.62%) and cloning confirmed expression potential.

conclusionsThe V2 construct exhibits stability, strong immunogenicity, and broad population coverage, supporting its potential as a vaccine candidate against SEOV. Experimental validation in vitro and in vivo is required to confirm efficacy and safety.

Indexed as

Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS)Molecular DockingMolecular Dynamics SimulationsMulti-epitope vaccineSeoul virus

Identifiers

PMID42119459
PMCPMC13195357

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.