Trial reportJournal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition2026
Effects of different caffeine doses on fat oxidation and cardiovascular response during exercise at FATmax in overweight/obese female college students.
Trial report in Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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5 authors.
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Abstract
purposeThis study examined the acute effects of different caffeine doses on fat oxidation and cardiovascular responses at rest and during exercise at the intensity of maximal fat oxidation (FATmax) in overweight/obese sedentary female college students.
methodsIn a randomized trial, eleven participants (age: 20.2 ± 2.3 years; BMI: 26.36 ± 1.78 kg/m²) completed four conditions: placebo (cellulose) or caffeine at 3, 5, or 9 mg/kg. Each session comprised 60 min of seated rest followed by 40 min of treadmill walking at FATmax. Substrate oxidation (via indirect calorimetry), blood pressure, and the fingertip perfusion index (PI) were measured at specific time points: at rest (0, 30, and 60 min after capsule ingestion) and immediately post-exercise (100 min). Additionally, gas exchange and heart rate were recorded continuously throughout the entire 100-min session. Data were analyzed using SPSS 26.0 with two-way repeated-measures ANOVA (or Friedman test for non-normal data) and Bonferroni-adjusted post-hoc comparisons. Significance was set at
resultsCaffeine did not alter the resting heart rate or substrate oxidation. During exercise, caffeine at 5 and 9 mg/kg significantly increased the heart rate and blood pressure (
conclusionAcute caffeine intake at 3 and 5 mg/kg enhanced fat oxidation during FATmax exercise in sedentary overweight/obese females, whereas 9 mg/kg provided no additional metabolic benefit. However, the 5 mg/kg dose was associated with increased cardiovascular strain, which was not observed with the 3 mg/kg. Therefore, a dose of 3 mg/kg appears to offer an optimal balance between stimulating fat oxidation and maintaining cardiovascular safety in this population during acute exercise.
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