Trial reportScientific reports2026
Exploring the psychological and physiological effects of a virtual reality-based bicycle exercise in hemodialysis patients: a randomized controlled trial.
Trial report in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a virtual reality (VR)-based bicycle exercise in psychological distress (depression and anxiety) and selected biochemical parameters among patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis (MHD). A total of 70 patients from the dialysis station at Changzhou Medical District of the No. 904th Hospital were randomly allocated into study group(VR-based bicycle exercise, n = 35) and control group(routine nursing care, n = 35). The depression and anxiety levels were assessed by Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS), and Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) respectively. Physiological indicators, including serum creatinine (Scr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels, were also analyzed. Following the intervention, the study group exhibited significant reductions in SDS and SAS scores (both P < 0.05). The levels of Scr and BUN in peripheral blood were also observed to be significantly decreased in study group (P < 0.05). Correlation analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between SAS/SDS scores with both Scr and BUN levels (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Furthermore, regression models identified SAS scores as significant predictors of Scr and BUN levels, accounting for 27.8% and 31.9% of their variance, respectively (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). VR-based bicycle exercise can improve psychological well-being, and was associated with beneficial changes in pre-dialysis serum biomarkers (Scr and BUN) in MHD patients. This integrated intervention represents a promising non-pharmacological strategy to complement standard care in MHD patients.
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