Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42124381›Full record

ArticleAnnals of neurology2026

Daily-Life, Sensor-Derived Tremor Measures Are Sensitive to Progression in Early Parkinson's Disease.

Nienke A Timmermans, Ioan Gabriel Bucur, Diogo C Soriano, Erik Post, Hayriye Cagnan, Sooyoon Shin, Max A Little, Yordan P Raykov, Bastiaan R Bloem, Rick C Helmich and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Annals of neurology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Nienke A TimmermansCenter of Expertise for Parkinson and Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3814-3440
Ioan Gabriel BucurInstitute for Computing and Information Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7852-052X
Diogo C SorianoFederal University of ABC, São Bernado do Campo, Brazil.
Erik PostCenter of Expertise for Parkinson and Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1937-9976
Hayriye CagnanDepartment of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Sooyoon ShinVerily Life Sciences, Dallas, TX, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0339-4856
Max A LittleSchool of Computer Science, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
Yordan P RaykovSchool of Mathematical Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
Bastiaan R BloemCenter of Expertise for Parkinson and Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Rick C HelmichCenter of Expertise for Parkinson and Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4035-6573
Luc J W EversCenter of Expertise for Parkinson and Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveSensitive outcome measures are critical for evaluating the efficacy of novel treatments for Parkinson's disease (PD). In this study, we assess the sensitivity to change of sensor-derived daily-life tremor measures over 2 years in unmedicated and medicated persons with early PD.

methodsWe used 2-year continuous wrist sensor data (median wear time: 22 hours/day) from the Personalized Parkinson Project (n = 462 medicated; n = 78 unmedicated at baseline), in combination with annual clinical evaluations of tremor severity. From the gyroscope data, we derived previously validated weekly measures for tremor time and power, which were smoothed over time using piecewise linear trend estimation. One- and 2-year standardized response means (SRMs) were computed to compare the sensitivity to change between the sensor-derived tremor measures and clinical tremor scores.

resultsIn unmedicated participants with tremor, sensor-derived tremor measures demonstrated a high sensitivity to progression (2-year SRMs ranged from 0.67 to 1.09), which was significantly larger than clinical tremor scores (2-year SRMs ranged from 0.21 to 0.41). In medicated participants, sensor-derived tremor time decreased (2-year SRM of -0.18), which was associated with both an increase in dopaminergic medication dose and higher disease duration. In contrast, the sensor-derived tremor power measures and clinical rest tremor scores (measured in the OFF state) increased slightly (2-year SRMs ranging from 0.11 to 0.27).

interpretationBefore initiation of symptomatic treatment, sensor-derived daily-life tremor measures are substantially more sensitive to progression than clinical tremor scores, making them a promising tool to evaluate the efficacy of disease-modifying treatments in early PD. ANN NEUROL 2026;100:282-294.

Indexed as

Disease ProgressionParkinson DiseaseTremorAgedFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedSeverity of Illness Index

Identifiers

PMID42124381
PMCPMC13387973

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.