Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42130834›Full record

ArticleRSC advances2026

Evaluating the combined effect of a biomimetic organic matrix and bioinspired fluorapatite nanoparticles on initial caries lesions.

Rehab M El-Sharkawy, Rania A Hanafy, Wafaa Yahia Alghonemy, Omnia M Abdelfatah, Eman M Salem

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in RSC advances, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Rehab M El-SharkawyChemistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Pharos University in Alexandria P.O. Box 37, Sidi Gaber Alexandria Egypt rehab.mansour@pua.edu.eg +0020-01229727752.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1750-2165
Rania A HanafyDental Materials Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Pharos University in Alexandria P.O. Box 37, Sidi Gaber Alexandria Egypt.
Wafaa Yahia AlghonemyOral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University Tanta Egypt.
Omnia M AbdelfatahOral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Pharos University in Alexandria P.O. Box 37, Sidi Gaber Alexandria Egypt.
Eman M SalemOral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Pharos University in Alexandria P.O. Box 37, Sidi Gaber Alexandria Egypt.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study found that combining a biomimetic organic matrix of chitosan (CS) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) with bioinspired fluorapatite nanoparticles (Nano-FA) significantly enhanced the remineralization of early enamel caries lesions. A total of 40 extracted third molars were sectioned into 200 enamel specimens and randomly allocated into five groups: sound enamel (baseline), demineralized enamel, CS-treated, Nano-FA-treated, and CS-Nano-FA-CMC-treated groups. Remineralization efficacy was assessed using Vickers microhardness testing, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. Among all evaluated groups, both Nano-FA and CS-Nano-FA-CMC treatments notably improved enamel microhardness, restoring values close to those of sound enamel. The CS-Nano-FA-CMC group displayed pronounced mineral deposition on the enamel surface and a markedly higher Ca/P ratio (

Identifiers

PMID42130834
PMCPMC13162337

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.