Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42133545›Full record

ReviewBrain and behavior2026

Mechanotransduction in the Brain: Soliton Theory, Piezo Receptors and MR Elastography in Headache Pathophysiology.

Joan Crespi, Axel Karl Gottfrid Nyman, Erling Tronvik, Lanfranco Pellesi, Igor Petrušić, Tobias Navarro Schröder

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Brain and behavior, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Joan CrespiPain Clinic, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0471-4329
Axel Karl Gottfrid NymanDepartment of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
Erling TronvikNorwegian Centre for Headache Research (NorHead), NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
Lanfranco PellesiClinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy, and Environmental Medicine, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
Igor PetrušićLaboratory For Advanced Analysis of Neuroimages, Faculty of Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
Tobias Navarro SchröderKavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.

Funding

NTNUResearch Council of Norway 328615
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThis narrative review aims to explore how incorporating mechanical and thermal dimensions can complement and extend the classical Hodgkin-Huxley (HH) model to enrich the understanding of headache and pain pathophysiology.

methodThis review examines the integration of three distinct concepts with the HH model. (1) Soliton Theory: This theory proposes that nerve impulses also propagate as density waves through the lipid bilayer, accounting for mechanical and thermal phenomena in neural signaling that are not addressed by the HH model. (2) Mechanosensitive Piezo Ion Channels: These channels, which are activated by mechanical stimuli like stretch and pressure, are reviewed for their expression in neurons and glial cells and their recognized involvement in pain and primary and secondary headache disorders, including roles in CGRP release and glial activation. (3) Magnetic Resonance Elastography (MRE): This noninvasive imaging modality, which quantifies brain tissue stiffness, is discussed for its translational potential in headache research by detecting subtle biomechanical changes, for example, associated with neuroinflammation. FINDING: Recent insights suggest that mechanical and thermal dimensions contribute significantly to neural function, extending beyond the purely electrochemical focus of the HH model. Soliton theory broadens the HH framework by integrating electromechanical and thermodynamic processes. Piezo channels represent a molecular link between mechanical stimuli and pain signaling pathways relevant to pain. MRE has revealed mechanical alterations in neurological disorders, offering a means to detect biomechanical changes associated with pain and headache-related disorders.

conclusionThis integrative perspective reframes headache and pain disorders as involving, among other factors, altered brain mechanics. By bridging molecular (Piezo), biophysical (Soliton theory), and imaging (MRE) domains, this framework opens new avenues for diagnosis, biomarker discovery, and therapeutic innovation in pain and headache research.

Indexed as

BrainHeadacheIon ChannelsMechanotransduction, CellularAnimalsElasticity Imaging TechniquesHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingIon Channelsheadachemechanosensitive ion channelsMR elastographypiezosoliton theorythermodynamics

Identifiers

PMID42133545
PMCPMC13175199

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.