Evidence mapPaperPMID 42134549Full record

ReviewAdvances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.)2026

Pediatric Health at the Crossroads of Climate Change, Food Insecurity, and Malnutrition.

Tindara Scirocco, Daniela Martini, Carlo Agostoni, Mario C B Raviglione, Stefano Bocchi, Cristiana Berti

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Tindara SciroccoDepartment of Life Sciences and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
Daniela MartiniDivision of Human Nutrition, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Carlo AgostoniPediatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. Electronic address: carlo.agostoni@unimi.it.
Mario C B RaviglioneCentre for Multidisciplinary Research for Global Health (MAGH), University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Stefano BocchiDepartment of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Cristiana BertiPediatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Climate change (CC) poses a major global threat to the health of current and future generations, disproportionately affecting pediatric populations. Investigating the links between CC and pediatric diseases is crucial to inform research and prevention strategies aimed at breaking the transgenerational cycle of social inequalities. This narrative review explores the complex interactions between early-life exposures to CC, food insecurity, and malnutrition, and their impact on infectious and noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) in pediatric populations. Data reveal a concerning global scenario: half of the world's children live in areas highly vulnerable to CC; malaria, enteric, and lower respiratory-tract infections account for ∼60% of the global communicable disease burden and related deaths in children and adolescents; over 2.1 billion people under-20 suffer from NCDs; almost 865 million children under-15 experience moderate-to-severe food insecurity; and millions of children under-5 face stunting (150.2), wasting (42.8), or obesity (35.5). The greatest burdens fall on low- and middle-income countries and the most disadvantaged households. Although the causal pathways and mechanisms linking CC to health outcomes have not been fully elucidated, epidemiological evidence shows that exposure from conception through adolescence increases risks of acute and chronic diseases, potentially altering lifelong health trajectories. This is plausibly driven by climate-induced disruptions in eco-agrofood systems, which compromise nutrition security and worsen malnutrition. Food systems are both vulnerable to and significant contributor to CC, and poor dietary patterns further amplify disease burdens. Addressing these intertwined challenges requires a holistic approach promoting healthy, sustainable, and equitable diets from infancy through adolescence, and employing an integrated "glocal" strategy taking into account both global and local contexts. Cross-sector collaboration and targeted pediatric research are paramount to enhance understanding of causal pathways and develop effective interventions to safeguard child health and well-being within a planetary health framework.

Indexed as

Child HealthClimate ChangeFood InsecurityFood SupplyMalnutritionAdolescentChildChild, PreschoolCommunicable DiseasesGlobal HealthGrowth DisordersHumansInfantNoncommunicable Diseasesagroecologybreastfeedingclimate changeeco-agrofood systemfood and nutrition insecurityinfectious diseasesmalnutritionnoncommunicable diseasespediatric populationssustainable healthy diet

Identifiers

PMID42134549
PMCPMC13251203

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.