Evidence mapPaperPMID 42135364Full record

Trial reportScientific reports2026

The effect of empagliflozin on inflammation and oxidative stress in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention, a randomized controlled trial.

Susan Darroudi, Hossein Ghazaee, Niloofar Babaei, Zeinab Sadat Hosseini, Mohammad Javad Jamili, Behzad Ensan, Ghazale Donyadide, Gianluca Pagnoni, Francesca Coppi, Hamed Hashemi Shahri and 1 more

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Susan Darroudi *Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 71, Modena, 41124, Italy. darroudis921@gmail.com.
Hossein Ghazaee *Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Niloofar BabaeiDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran.
Zeinab Sadat HosseiniFaculty of Medicine, Islamic Azad University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
Mohammad Javad JamiliStudent Research Committee, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Behzad EnsanStudent Research Committee, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Ghazale DonyadideStudent Research Committee, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Gianluca PagnoniCardiology Unit of Emergency Department, Guglielmo da Saliceto Hospital, Piacenza, 29121, Italy.
Francesca CoppiDepartment of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 71, Modena, 41124, Italy.
Hamed Hashemi ShahriDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran. sh.hashemi@iau.ac.ir.
Mohsen MoohebatiDepartment of Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 99199-91766, Iran. mouhebatim@mums.ac.ir.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Empagliflozin, a sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, has demonstrated cardioprotective effects beyond glycemic control. Empagliflozin has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects in long-term administration; however, current evidence on its short-term impact on inflammation and oxidative stress is limited. The purpose of this study was to investigate the rapid anti-inflammatory and oxidative effects of short-term Empagliflozin therapy in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). In this double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial, patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) undergoing PCI received 10 mg Empagliflozin or placebo for three days. Biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress, including cystatin C, pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance (PAB), and high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), were measured at baseline and after treatment. The Jamovi 2.7.6 software was used for statistical analysis. A total of 121 patients, including 64 males (52.8%), were enrolled. There was no significant difference in baseline characteristics between the groups. Empagliflozin significantly reduced cystatin C and PAB levels after three days of administration compared with baseline (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively). Although Empagliflozin decreased hs-CRP levels, the reduction did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.14). Nevertheless, the between-group difference in hs-CRP changes became significant after adjustment (p = 0.029). Short-term treatment with Empagliflozin significantly reduced inflammation and oxidative stress in patients undergoing PCI. Our findings indicated a rapid cardioprotective mechanism during CVD events. Although the findings revealed early anti-inflammatory and antioxidative benefits, larger and longer-term studies are warranted to confirm these effects and evaluate their impact on post-PCI outcomes and long-term cardiovascular prognosis.

Indexed as

Benzhydryl CompoundsGlucosidesInflammationOxidative StressPercutaneous Coronary InterventionSodium-Glucose Transporter 2 InhibitorsAgedBiomarkersC-Reactive ProteinCystatin CDouble-Blind MethodFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedBenzhydryl CompoundsBiomarkersC-Reactive ProteinCystatin CempagliflozinGlucosidesSodium-Glucose Transporter 2 InhibitorsCardiovascular Disease (CVD)InflammationOxidative stressSGLT2 inhibitor

Identifiers

PMID42135364
PMCPMC13369999

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.