Evidence mapPaperPMID 42136376Full record

ArticlePediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology2026

Early childhood asthma and adiposity until adolescence: A prospective birth cohort study using body fat percentage.

Mónica Rodrigues, Margarida Henriques, Susana Santos, Pedro Moreira, André Moreira

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Early childhood asthma and adiposity until adolescence: A prospective birth cohort study using body fat percentage.Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Mónica RodriguesEPIUnit ITR - Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto (ISPUP), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7932-9460
Margarida HenriquesFaculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
Susana SantosEPIUnit ITR - Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto (ISPUP), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
Pedro MoreiraEPIUnit ITR - Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto (ISPUP), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
André MoreiraEPIUnit ITR - Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto (ISPUP), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7294-9296

Funding

Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia 2023.02362.BDFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia 2024.10106.CEECINDFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia LA/P/0064/2020Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia UID/4750/2025
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAsthma and obesity frequently coexist in childhood, yet whether asthma predisposes to later adiposity remains underexplored, particularly using measures beyond body mass index (BMI). Considering this, we aimed to examine the association between asthma in early childhood and subsequent adiposity through adolescence, assessed using BMI and body fat percentage, and to evaluate sex-specific effects.

methodsThis prospective study included 4717 participants from the Portuguese population-based Generation XXI birth cohort. Physician-diagnosed asthma at age 4 years was the exposure. Incident obesity and overweight/obesity were assessed at ages 7-, 10-, and 13-years using BMI and body fat percentage estimated by bioelectrical impedance analysis and classified according to age- and sex-specific percentiles. Children who were already overweight or obese at age 4 were excluded from the respective analysis. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), adjusting for confounders. Effect modification by sex was tested, and sex-stratified analyses were performed.

resultsAsthma was associated with a higher risk of incident obesity defined by body fat percentage in adjusted analyses (aHR = 1.91, 95% CI: 1.16-3.16), whereas associations with BMI-defined obesity were not statistically significant. Sex-stratified analyses showed that these associations were confined to girls, who had increased risk of obesity (aHR = 1.97, 95% CI: 1.19-3.26) and overweight/obesity (aHR = 1.75, 95% CI: 1.02-3.01) defined by body fat percentage. No significant associations were observed among boys.

conclusionsAsthma in early childhood was associated with increased adiposity in adolescence assessed by body fat percentage, particularly among girls. These findings suggest that children with asthma may develop excess fat accumulation not fully captured by BMI and support the integration of body composition and metabolic risk assessment into pediatric asthma care.

Indexed as

Adipose TissueAdiposityAsthmaAdolescentBirth CohortBody Mass IndexChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansIncidenceMalePortugalProspective StudiesRisk FactorsSex Factorsadiposityadolescenceasthmabody fat percentagechildhoodobesityoverweight

Identifiers

PMID42136376
PMCPMC13176890

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.