ArticleCatheterization and cardiovascular interventions : official journal of the Society for Cardiac Angiography & Interventions2026
The Impact of COVID-19 Infection and Vaccination on Myocarditis Incidence: A Comparative Analysis of Pre-, Peri-, and Post-Pandemic Eras.
Article in Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions : official journal of the Society for Cardiac Angiography & Interventions, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic introduced a surge in cardiovascular complications, with myocarditis emerging as a concern due to both direct viral effects and rare vaccine-associated events.
aimsThis analysis examines the incidence and outcomes of myocarditis in patients across a large healthcare system in the Washington, DC Metropolitan Area, focusing on periods before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic.
methodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted using electronic health records from the MedStar Health System (2017-2024). Myocarditis cases were identified using ICD-10 codes, with cases stratified by pre- (2017-2019), peri- (2020-2022), and post-COVID-19 (2023-2024) pandemic periods, as well as by association with COVID-19 infection and/or vaccination. The overall incidence and inpatient mortality of myocarditis were compared over these eras.
resultsThis study included 778 myocarditis patients admitted between January 2017 and December 2024, categorized into pre-COVID-19 (n = 207), peri-COVID-19 (n = 370), and post-COVID-19 (n = 201) periods. Total myocarditis incidence surged during the peri-pandemic period, peaking in 2022, and declined in 2023-2024. In the post-pandemic period, total myocarditis remained elevated and higher than in the pre-pandemic era. During the pandemic and post-pandemic periods, myocarditis patients were older, included a higher proportion of African American individuals, and had a greater burden of cardiometabolic comorbidities, compared to pre-pandemic myocarditis hospitalizations.
conclusionThis study demonstrates a marked increase in myocarditis cases during the COVID-19 pandemic, driven initially by a surge in COVID-19-related myocarditis. Notably, total myocarditis cases remained elevated in the post-pandemic period compared to pre-pandemic levels. These findings, particularly the increased post-pandemic myocarditis patients, warrant further investigation into underlying risk factors and long-term outcomes.
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