SynthesisFrontiers in endocrinology2026
Association between hypothyroidism, levothyroxine replacement and kidney function outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Thyroid hormone replacement is associated with improvement in renal dysfunction in patients with hypothyroidism: a retrospective observational study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Observational
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: Regarding the exact association between hypothyroidism, levothyroxine replacement and kidney dysfunction, there is a lack of study to summarize the previous evidence. The aim of this study is to explore these relationships. Methods: The PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and Google Scholar were searched for observational studies and RCTs. The included studies were conducted in adult nonpregnant participants and analyzed kidney outcomes of interest in serologically confirmed hypothyroidism patients. Additionally, studies that examined kidney outcomes during levothyroxine treatment were retrieved. Standard Mean Difference (SMD), Odds Ratios (ORs) and Risk Ratios (RRs) were estimated as the effect variables. Results: Totally, 46 studies were included. Both non-distinct hypothyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism (SHypo) were significantly associated with the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) (OR 1.94, 95% CI [1.62, 2.32]) (OR 1.87, 95% CI [1.55, 2.27]). Non-distinct hypothyroidism and SHypo were also associated with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) reduction (SMD -0.68, 95% CI [-0.81, -0.55]) (SMD -0.99, 95% CI [-1.59, -0.38]). No significant association between hypothyroidism and CKD incidence was found, and its association with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) was not significant in patients with underlying kidney dysfunction. No significant improvement in eGFR was observed after levothyroxine treatment, either in non-distinct hypothyroidism or in SHypo patients. Conclusion: This study verifies a cross-sectional association between hypothyroidism and kidney dysfunction. However, no definitive prospective association was found. The bidirectional causal association between hypothyroidism, levothyroxine replacement and kidney outcomes remain controversial based on evidence from extensive observational studies. More large-scale randomized controlled trials are needed to supplement this evidence in practice to avoid overtreatment or undertreatment. Response: The registraton information has been mentioned in the Methods section.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.