ArticleResearch square2026
ComBat Harmonization With and Without Empirical Bayes Estimation for Resting-State Functional Connectivity in Pediatric Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: a CARE4Kids Study.
Article in Research square, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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10 authors.
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Abstract
ComBat is commonly used to mitigate batch effects in multi-site neuroimaging studies. Although empirical bayes estimation is a key component of ComBat, its impact on resting-state functional connectivity measures, including site effect reductions and preservation of original within-site variability remains underexplored. Empirical bayes estimation was evaluated on functional connectivity in adolescents with mild TBI. Resting-state fMRI data were collected from 144 adolescents across six sites participating in the CARE4Kids study. Functional connectivity was computed over resting state networks defined using Seitzman parcellation. ComBat with and without empirical bayes estimation was assessed by quantifying: (1) site variability based on one-way ANOVA, (2) within-site consistency before and after harmonization (intraclass correlation coefficient), (3) age correlations, and (4) site effects of the principal components. All networks demonstrated significant moderate-to-large site effects (all
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