ReviewFrontiers in pharmacology2026
Off-label and investigational drugs in the treatment of gambling disorder: a critical review.
Review in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Gambling disorder or pathological gambling is a psychiatric disorder with severe and wide-ranging consequences for the affected individual and their surroundings. While no pharmacological treatment has yet been officially approved for treatment, various drugs have been investigated to date. An electronic literature search was conducted in PubMed to identify open-label trials, randomized controlled trials, meta-analyses, other reviews and case reports. In addition, the ClinicalTrials.gov registry was reviewed to identify recent advancements, investigational drug candidates, and ongoing or forthcoming clinical research related to this topic. In this review we summarize and compare Fluvoxamine, Paroxetine, Sertraline, Citalopram, Bupropion, Nefazodone, Naltrexone, Nalmefene, Naloxone, Lithium, Valproate, Topiramate, Olanzapine, N-acetylcysteine, Disulfiram, Acamprosate, Memantine, Amantadine, Gabapentinoids, Modafinil, GLP-1 receptor agonists and Ketamine/Esketamine. From the above-mentioned substances, many have shown promising results in the treatment of gambling disorder, particularly opioid antagonists. However, the small number of studies on the respective drugs, as well as inconsistent designs and contradictory results, limit the significance and clinical applicability of the findings. Here we discuss the most promising drugs, neurobiological pathomechanisms of gambling disorder and potential methodological designs for future studies on this topic.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.