Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42147330›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in pharmacology2026

Analysis of proton pump inhibitor-associated drug problems and contributing factors among hospitalized nephrology patients.

Ning Song, Xiaohong Zhang, Mei Han, Yuguang Guan

Erratum issuedAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Ning SongDepartment of Pharmacy, Liangxiang Hospital of Beijing Fangshan District, Beijing, China.
Xiaohong ZhangDepartment of Pharmacy, Liangxiang Hospital of Beijing Fangshan District, Beijing, China.
Mei HanEvidence-Based Medicine Center, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
Yuguang GuanDepartment of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Aims: To identify drug-related problems (DRPs) associated with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and their influencing factors among hospitalized nephrology patients, thereby providing evidence for the rational use of PPIs. Methods: A retrospective cohort of internal nephrology inpatients who received PPIs between June 2024 and May 2025 was assembled. Clinical pharmacists applied the PCNE classification system (version 9.1) to identify and categorize PPI-related DRPs. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to explore factors contributing to inappropriate PPIs use. Results: A total of 520 patients were included, of which 241 patients (46.34%) experienced 303 DRPs. The most frequent problems involved drug selection and treatment duration. Multivariate analysis revealed that the following variables were independently associated with inappropriate PPIs use: purpose of PPI application (OR = 0.455, 95% CI 0.305-0.680, Conclusion: Systematic identification of PPI-related DRPs and analysis of their determinants by clinical pharmacists will substantially promote the rational use of PPIs in hospitalized patients with renal disease.

Indexed as

clinical pharmacistdrug-related problems (DRPs)influencing factorsnephrologyproton pump inhibitors (PPIs)

Identifiers

PMID42147330
PMCPMC13171532

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.