ArticleAmerican journal of preventive medicine2026
Conditions Attributable to Obesity in Older Adults in the U.S.: A Cross-Sectional Study.
Article in American journal of preventive medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
introductionObesity is prevalent among older adults and can lead to obesity-related conditions, but aging can also drive the development of the same conditions. Estimating the population attributable fraction for obesity-related conditions due to obesity may clarify the potential benefit of obesity prevention and treatment in this population.
methodsThis was a cross-sectional study of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (years 2017-2023), analyzed in 2025. Adults aged ≥65 years with a BMI ≥18.5 kg/m² were included. Using complex survey methods, prevalences and adjusted RRs of obesity-related conditions among individuals with and without obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m²) were estimated. These estimates were used to calculate population attributable fractions, representing the proportion of each obesity-related condition attributable to obesity.
resultsThe cohort included 4,029 individuals representing 50,755,846 older adults (mean age of 73 (SE=0.2) years, 55.3% female, 40.2% with obesity). Population attributable fractions due to obesity were statistically significant for congestive heart failure (33.3% [95% CI=24.7, 39.7]), diabetes (25.3% [95% CI=20.4, 29.5]), asthma (19.4% [95% CI=6.0, 29.0]), metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (17.9% [95% CI=14.3, 21.2]), obesity-associated cancer (12.3% [95% CI=1.9, 20.3]), urinary incontinence (10.6% [95% CI=7.6, 13.3]), arthritis (10.9% [95% CI=7.5, 14.0]), coronary artery disease (10.3% [95% CI=3.3, 16.0]), chronic kidney disease (9.2% [95% CI=2.2, 15.1]), hypertension (9.3% [95% CI=7.3, 11.1]), probable obstructive sleep apnea (8.7% [95% CI=5.2, 11.9]), and dyslipidemia (5.8% [95% CI=3.2, 8.2]) but not stroke.
conclusionsIn older adults, multiple obesity-related conditions were substantially attributable to obesity, although the development of obesity-related conditions was still possible outside of obesity. Future work is needed to determine the extent to which modern obesity treatments can reduce the burden of these obesity-related conditions in older adults.
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