Evidence mapPaperPMID 42152137Full record

ArticleJournal of health, population, and nutrition2026

Investigating the association between the food inflammation scores of individuals and stroke in adults: an extreme gradient boosting machine learning model interpreted with shapley additive explanations.

Zhiwen Yan, Kang Luo, Qinghuan Yang, Xiaoqing Liu, Huan Zhao, Yuan Gao, Qiang Zhang, Jun Mu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of health, population, and nutrition, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Zhiwen Yan *Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
Kang Luo *Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
Qinghuan YangDepartment of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
Xiaoqing LiuCollege of Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China.
Huan ZhaoDepartment of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
Yuan GaoDepartment of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
Qiang Zhang *Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 310005, Hangzhou, China. zhangqiang@hrbipe.edu.cn.
Jun Mu *Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China. jmu@hospital.cqmu.edu.cn.

Funding

Project Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China No.82100253Scientific and Technological Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission Grant No.KJQN202400445Supported by 2021-N-15-40 project of China International Medical Foundation, and the Chongqing postdoctoral special financial project No.2023CQBSHTB2033
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundChronic systemic inflammation is a pivotal modifiable risk factor for stroke. The food-based Food Inflammation Index (FII) offers a novel approach to assess dietary inflammatory potential, yet the association between its derivative, the Food Inflammation Scores of Individuals (FISI), and stroke prevalence remains to be elucidated.

methodsThis study analyzed a cohort of 19,681 adults from the NHANES (2007-2018) database. The FISI-stroke association was assessed using multivariable logistic regression and machine learning models (XGBoost), interpreted via SHAP analysis.

resultsHigher FISI scores were positively associated with increased stroke prevalence in a dose-dependent manner. Specifically, a one-unit rise in FISI34, FISI26-USDA, and FISI26-CHINA corresponded to 7%, 18%, and 22% higher stroke odds, respectively. XGBoost modeling identified FISI34 as a key predictor, corroborating regression findings.

conclusionsThis study establishes a robust link between higher FISI, derived from the FII, and stroke risk. The FII framework surpasses nutrient-based indices by providing personalized, actionable, food-specific guidance for stroke prevention through anti-inflammatory diets.

Indexed as

DietFoodInflammationMachine LearningStrokeAdultAgedBoosting Machine Learning AlgorithmsFemaleHumansLogistic ModelsMaleMiddle AgedNutrition SurveysPrevalenceRisk FactorsDietary PatternsFood Inflammation IndexMachine LearningNHANESNutritionStroke

Identifiers

PMID42152137
PMCPMC13377719

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.