Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42154839›Full record

SynthesisRevista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo2026

Molecular biomarkers associated with ATLL and HAM progression in HTLV-1 infection: a systematic review.

Theo Leite, Marcos Eduardo Souza Abreu, Alex Ap Rosini Silva, Rubens de Assis Santos Sebastião, Lucas Araujo Romão, Jorge Casseb, Tatiane Assone, Fabio Eudes Leal, Sheila de Oliveira Garcia Mateos

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Theo LeiteUniversidade Municipal de São Caetano do Sul, Núcleo de Inovação em Saúde, São Caetano do Sul, São Paulo, Brazil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0009-7863-2896
Marcos Eduardo Souza AbreuUniversidade Municipal de São Caetano do Sul, Núcleo de Inovação em Saúde, São Caetano do Sul, São Paulo, Brazil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0006-9670-6957
Alex Ap Rosini SilvaUniversidade Municipal de São Caetano do Sul, Núcleo de Inovação em Saúde, São Caetano do Sul, São Paulo, Brazil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6400-5201
Rubens de Assis Santos SebastiãoUniversidade Municipal de São Caetano do Sul, Núcleo de Inovação em Saúde, São Caetano do Sul, São Paulo, Brazil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0005-3881-5840
Lucas Araujo RomãoUniversidade Municipal de São Caetano do Sul, Núcleo de Inovação em Saúde, São Caetano do Sul, São Paulo, Brazil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0006-0989-4401
Jorge CassebUniversidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Dermatologia, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4553-2559
Tatiane AssoneUniversidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Dermatologia, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0993-4523
Fabio Eudes LealUniversidade Municipal de São Caetano do Sul, Núcleo de Inovação em Saúde, São Caetano do Sul, São Paulo, Brazil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1986-3765
Sheila de Oliveira Garcia MateosUniversidade Municipal de São Caetano do Sul, Núcleo de Inovação em Saúde, São Caetano do Sul, São Paulo, Brazil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5416-2724

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infects approximately five to 10 million individuals worldwide, although only a minority develop severe outcomes such as adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) or HTLV-1-associated myelopathy (HAM). Proviral load (PVL), while widely used, shows limited sensitivity and specificity, reinforcing the need for complementary biomarkers. Omics-based approaches have emerged as promising tools to improve risk prediction. We conducted a systematic review following PRISMA guidelines, searching PubMed, Web of Science, Virtual Health Library (BVS), and CAPES Periodicals databases for studies published between May 2020 and May 2025. Eligible studies included original observational designs investigating genomic, proteomic, and metabolic biomarkers associated with progression to ATLL or HAM. Methodological quality was assessed using tools from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI). In total, 35 studies met the inclusion criteria, most conducted in Brazil, Japan, and Iran. A total of 67 biomarkers were identified: 37 genomic, 27 proteomic, and three metabolic with potential clinical applications in risk stratification, prognosis, and therapeutic monitoring of HTLV-1 infection. PVL remained the most frequently investigated marker but lacked predictive power in isolation. Additional candidates with strong potential included IFN-γ, CXCL10, Neopterin, AnxA1, and sTNFR2. This review highlights the potential of integrated multiparametric panels-combining PVL with omics-derived biomarkers-as a promising strategy to improve risk stratification, prognosis, and therapeutic monitoring in people living with HTLV-1 (PLHTLV-1). However, further longitudinal and clinically validated studies are needed to confirm their applicability and support their translation into early intervention strategies, particularly during the asymptomatic phase.

Indexed as

HTLV-I InfectionsLeukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-CellParaparesis, Tropical SpasticBiomarkersDisease ProgressionHumansHuman T-lymphotropic virus 1ProteomicsViral LoadBiomarkers

Identifiers

PMID42154839
PMCPMC13185522

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.