SynthesisThe journal of nutrition, health & aging2026
A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis on the association between sarcopenia and cognitive impairment in middle-aged and older adults from Latin America.
Synthesis in The journal of nutrition, health & aging, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesReduction in skeletal muscle mass, strength, and function, such as sarcopenia, have been associated with cognitive impairment. In Latin America (LATAM), evidence remains scarce, a critical gap given the region's rapid demographic aging. Therefore, the present study aims to evaluate the association between sarcopenia and cognitive impairment among middle-aged and older adults in LATAM countries.
designA systematic review and meta-analysis.
settingA systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, LILACS, SciELO and sources of grey literature. The association between sarcopenia and cognitive impairment (odds ratio) was pooled in a meta-analysis using a random-effects model. The quality of the methodology used in each study was evaluated using the JBI Critical Appraisal Tools.
participantsMiddle-aged and older adults from cross-sectional and longitudinal studies conducted in Latin American populations. MEASURES: The primary outcome was the pooled association between sarcopenia and cognitive impairment.
resultsA total of 8 studies and 13,395 community-dwelling adults were included. The meta-analysis showed that sarcopenia was associated with higher odds of cognitive impairment (OR = 2.30; 95% CI: 1.68-3.15). However, the magnitude of this association varied according to definition as probable cognitive impairment (OR = 2.56, 95% CI: 1.85-3.53, P < 0.001) and diagnosis criteria of sarcopenia by EWGSOP2 (OR = 2.96; 95% CI: 2.15-4.08, P < 0.001).
conclusionIn LATAM, sarcopenia doubles the odds of cognitive impairment in adults. Future research must elucidate the inflammatory, oxidative, and mitochondrial pathways linking muscle and brain health.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.