Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42157191›Full record

ArticleBMC veterinary research2026

Prevalence of antibiotic residues in red meat across Mogadishu, Somalia.

Mohamed Aden Hersi, Abdiweli Bashir Ahmed, Mulki Khalif Mohamed, Asma Yusuf Mohamed, Fardowsa Abdullahi Mohamed, Abdirahim Rajab Abdullahi, Abdikarim Mohamud Abdullahi, Mowlid Hassan Muhumed, Shukri Mohamed Osman, Ayub Hassan Abdi and 3 more

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Article in BMC veterinary research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Mohamed Aden HersiDepartment of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Somali National University, Agfooye Rd, Gaheyr Campus, Mogadishu, Banadir, Somalia. maxersi@snu.edu.so.
Abdiweli Bashir AhmedDepartment of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Somali National University, Agfooye Rd, Gaheyr Campus, Mogadishu, Banadir, Somalia.
Mulki Khalif MohamedDepartment of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Somali National University, Agfooye Rd, Gaheyr Campus, Mogadishu, Banadir, Somalia.
Asma Yusuf MohamedDepartment of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Somali National University, Agfooye Rd, Gaheyr Campus, Mogadishu, Banadir, Somalia.
Fardowsa Abdullahi MohamedDepartment of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Somali National University, Agfooye Rd, Gaheyr Campus, Mogadishu, Banadir, Somalia.
Abdirahim Rajab AbdullahiDepartment of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Somali National University, Agfooye Rd, Gaheyr Campus, Mogadishu, Banadir, Somalia.
Abdikarim Mohamud AbdullahiDepartment of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Somali National University, Agfooye Rd, Gaheyr Campus, Mogadishu, Banadir, Somalia.
Mowlid Hassan MuhumedDepartment of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Somali National University, Agfooye Rd, Gaheyr Campus, Mogadishu, Banadir, Somalia.
Shukri Mohamed OsmanDepartment of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Somali National University, Agfooye Rd, Gaheyr Campus, Mogadishu, Banadir, Somalia.
Ayub Hassan AbdiDepartment of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Somali National University, Agfooye Rd, Gaheyr Campus, Mogadishu, Banadir, Somalia.
Abdishakur Barre HusseinDepartment of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Somali National University, Agfooye Rd, Gaheyr Campus, Mogadishu, Banadir, Somalia.
Osman Abubakar FiidowDepartment of Public Health, Faculty of Health Science, Salaam University, Teleh Campus, Hodan District, Mogadishu, Banadir, Somalia.
Mohamed Abdelrahman MohamedDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Husbandry, Somali National University, Agfooye Rd, Gaheyr Campus, Mogadishu, Banadir, Somalia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAntibiotic residues in meat are a public health concern, especially in settings with veterinary drug regulations. In Somalia, where oversight of veterinary drug use could be strengthened. This study reports the findings of screening for antibiotic residues in beef, goat, and camel meat collected from five districts in Mogadishu. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from September 2024 to March 2025 across five Mogadishu districts (Hodan, Howlwadaag, Warta Nabadda, Hamarwayne and Daynile). In total, 150 retail meat samples (50 per species) were collected using a purposive sampling approach. The samples were screened for antibiotic residues using the Premi

resultsOverall, 10% of samples (15/150) were screening-positive for antibiotic residues. Prevalence was highest in beef 16.0% (8/50; 95% CI: 8.3-28.5), followed by goat at 10.0% (5/50; 95% CI: 4.4-21.4) and camel at 4.0% (2/50; 95% CI: 1.1-13.5). Differences across meat types were not statistically significant ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]) although crude logistic regression suggested lower odds of contamination in camel compared to beef (OR = 0.22; 95% CI: 0.05-0.96; [Formula: see text]).

conclusionAntibiotic residues were detected in beef, goat, and camel meat sold in Mogadishu. Because the test used was qualitative and the number of positive samples was small, these findings should be interpreted cautiously. They offer preliminary surveillance information for the sampled districts and underscore the need for confirmatory, compound-specific testing to support the development of risk-based residue monitoring in Somalia.

Indexed as

Anti-Bacterial AgentsDrug ResiduesFood ContaminationMeatRed MeatAnimalsCamelusCattleCross-Sectional StudiesGoatsPrevalenceSomaliaAnti-Bacterial AgentsAntibiotic residuesAntimicrobial resistanceFood safetyMeat safetySomalia

Identifiers

PMID42157191
PMCPMC13361860

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.