Evidence mapPaperPMID 42157809Full record

SynthesisFrontiers in clinical diabetes and healthcare2026

Epidemiology, diagnostics, treatments, and pregnancy outcomes of gestational diabetes mellitus in Africa: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and bibliometric study.

Benjamin Aye Simon, Yasmeen Thandar, Nalini Govender, Francis Akpa-Inyang, Lawrence Chauke

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Frontiers in clinical diabetes and healthcare, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Benjamin Aye SimonDepartment of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa.
Yasmeen ThandarDepartment of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa.
Nalini GovenderDepartment of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa.
Francis Akpa-InyangDurban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa.
Lawrence ChaukeDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is an increasingly important contributor to maternal and neonatal morbidity in Africa, yet the evidence base remains fragmented across settings and research domains. This study integrates systematic review and meta-analysis with bibliometric analysis to synthesize epidemiological evidence, characterize research activity, and examine risk factors, diagnostic practices, management strategies, and pregnancy outcomes related to GDM in Africa. Methods: Publications reporting on GDM in African populations were retrieved from major scholarly databases. Bibliometric techniques were applied to evaluate publication trends, collaboration networks, and thematic structures. In parallel, 241 studies from 33 countries were systematically reviewed. Study quality was assessed, demonstrating gradual improvement over time (Spearman's ρ = 0.307). A random-effects meta-analysis was conducted to estimate pooled GDM prevalence. Results: Research output increased steadily over time but remained concentrated in a limited number of countries, with minimal regional collaboration. Dominant research themes focused on metabolic risk, diagnostic testing, and pregnancy outcomes, while health-systems and implementation research were comparatively scarce. Across 44 prevalence studies, the pooled GDM prevalence was 12.62% (95% CI: 10.23%-15.21%) using a Freeman-Tukey-transformed and DerSimonian-Laird random-effects model. Heterogeneity was considerable (I² = 98.4%), with a wide 95% prediction interval (1.18%-33.50%), indicating substantial contextual variability. Prevalence estimates ranged from 0.7% to 45.9%. Common risk factors included advanced maternal age, elevated body mass index, family history of diabetes, and prior obstetric complications. Diagnostic and management approaches varied widely, with increasing adoption of the 75 g OGTT and IADPSG/WHO 2013 criteria. Conclusions: GDM prevalence in Africa is substantial and highly heterogeneous, reflecting uneven diagnostic practices and research capacity. Strengthened regional collaboration, greater harmonization screening, and improved health-system integration are essential to inform effective and contextually appropriate maternal health policies.

Indexed as

Africabibliometric analysisdiagnostic criteriaepidemiology/prevalencegestational diabetes mellitusmaternal and child health outcomesmetabolic risk factorssystematic review

Identifiers

PMID42157809
PMCPMC13180583

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.