ArticleCureus2026
Relationship Between Hypoglycemia Frequency and Academic Performance in Children With Type 1 Diabetes.
Article in Cureus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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8 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundType 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in children necessitates intensive insulin therapy, which predisposes patients to recurrent hypoglycemic episodes.
objectiveTo evaluate the association between the frequency of hypoglycemic episodes and academic performance among children with type 1 diabetes by correlating glycemic patterns with scholastic outcomes.
methodsThis cross-sectional analytical study was conducted at Children Hospital Lahore from March 2024 to March 2025 and included 275 children diagnosed with T1DM. Data regarding hypoglycemic episodes, glycemic control, academic scores, and school attendance were collected and analyzed.
resultsThe mean age of participants was 11.8 ± 2.9 years, with a mean glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) of 8.7 ± 1.4%. The average frequency of hypoglycemic episodes was 5.8 ± 3.4 per month. High-frequency hypoglycemia was observed in 29.1% of children, while 25.8% reported severe episodes. The mean academic score was 74.6 ± 10.8%, and average attendance was 88.5 ± 7.6%. A significant decline in academic performance was noted with increasing hypoglycemia frequency; children in the high-frequency group had lower academic scores (65.8 ± 9.7% vs 82.1 ± 7.6%), reduced attendance (81.7 ± 7.8% vs 93.4 ± 4.2%), and higher absenteeism (21.4 ± 6.2 vs 8.7 ± 3.5 days/year) (p < 0.001). A strong negative correlation was observed between hypoglycemia frequency and academic scores (r = -0.62).
conclusionRecurrent hypoglycemia is significantly associated with poorer academic performance and increased absenteeism among children with type 1 diabetes, highlighting the importance of optimizing glycemic control to improve both clinical and educational outcomes.
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