Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42163174›Full record

ArticleBMC pediatrics2026

A national multicenter analysis of hospitalization admission records for lymphatic malformation in China from 2016 to 2023.

Lin Mei, Linyue Sun, Xiaodan Li, Nian Sun, Qiaoyin Liu, Xuexi Zhang, Zhiyong Liu, Yiran Meng, Ge Zhang, Shengcai Wang

Abstract readMulticenter Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC pediatrics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Lin Mei *Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, 56 Nanlishi Rd, Xicheng, 100045, Beijing, China.
Linyue Sun *Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, 56 Nanlishi Rd, Xicheng, 100045, Beijing, China.
Xiaodan LiDepartment of Otolaryngology, Head and Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, 56 Nanlishi Rd, Xicheng, 100045, Beijing, China.
Nian SunDepartment of Otolaryngology, Head and Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, 56 Nanlishi Rd, Xicheng, 100045, Beijing, China.
Qiaoyin LiuDepartment of Otolaryngology, Head and Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, 56 Nanlishi Rd, Xicheng, 100045, Beijing, China.
Xuexi ZhangDepartment of Otolaryngology, Head and Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, 56 Nanlishi Rd, Xicheng, 100045, Beijing, China.
Zhiyong LiuDepartment of Otolaryngology, Head and Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, 56 Nanlishi Rd, Xicheng, 100045, Beijing, China.
Yiran MengDepartment of Otolaryngology, Head and Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, 56 Nanlishi Rd, Xicheng, 100045, Beijing, China.
Ge ZhangDepartment of Otolaryngology, Head and Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, 56 Nanlishi Rd, Xicheng, 100045, Beijing, China.
Shengcai WangDepartment of Otolaryngology, Head and Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, 56 Nanlishi Rd, Xicheng, 100045, Beijing, China. wsc820329@163.com.

Funding

Beijing Natural Science Foundation No. 7244337Construction of the Clinical Diagnosis and Research Centre of Capital Medical University 0400-190003National Natural Science Foundation of China 82271184Science and Technology Innovation Development Project, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health YN2020402
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundLymphatic malformation (LM) is a low-flow vascular malformation caused by the abnormal development of the lymphatic system. This study aimed to provide an update on pediatric LM by investigating its clinical characteristics and hospitalization burden in multiple medical centers across China.

methodsThis study utilized data from the Futang Research Center of Pediatric Development (FRCPD). All hospitalization records from January 1, 2016, to December 31, 2023 (N = 10,974,595) were screened to identify children with LM. For these patients, a comprehensive analysis of clinical characteristics (e.g., demographics, lesion location, treatment, comorbidity/complication and ICU admissions) hospitalization burden (i.e., length of stay and total cost) was conducted.

resultsOur study comprised 24,207 inpatients with LM, predominantly from the eastern region. The typical hospitalized patient was a child aged 1-3 years or on trunk involvement. Strikingly, sclerotherapy was 1.57 times more common than surgical resection. The most frequent comorbidity/complication were infectious diseases. Treatment patterns also varied by anatomy: lesions in the trunk favored surgical resection, while other areas usually undergo sclerotherapy. Critically, hospitalization burden differed significantly based on lesion site, treatment received, and the presence of comorbidity and complication.

conclusionsBy analyzing a national cohort of pediatric inpatients with LM, this study provides contemporary insights into the clinical characteristics and hospitalization burden of this condition in China. These findings underscore the substantial healthcare impact of LM and are critical for informing future healthcare strategies and resource allocation.

Indexed as

HospitalizationLymphatic AbnormalitiesChildChild, PreschoolChinaFemaleHumansInfantLength of StayMaleRetrospective StudiesSclerotherapyClinical characteristicsHospital admission recordsHospitalization burdenLymphatic malformation (LM)

Identifiers

PMID42163174
PMCPMC13474859

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.