Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42164053›Full record

ArticleTransboundary and emerging diseases2026

Genetic Diversity, Recombination, and Pathogenicity of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Strains Circulating in China During 2023-2024.

Yunlei Cao, Ahui Cui, Xin Chen, Yang Cheng, Rongfeng Tang, Hui Zeng, Yuchen Li, Qian Yang

Erratum issuedAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Transboundary and emerging diseases, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Yunlei CaoMOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China, njau.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7578-8678
Ahui CuiMOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China, njau.edu.cn.
Xin ChenMOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China, njau.edu.cn.
Yang ChengMOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China, njau.edu.cn.
Rongfeng TangMOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China, njau.edu.cn.
Hui ZengMOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China, njau.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7826-4878
Yuchen LiMOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China, njau.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4282-914X
Qian YangMOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China, njau.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2349-0028

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is an enteric alphacoronavirus that causes severe diarrhea and high mortality in neonatal piglets, posing a persistent threat to the global swine industry. Despite extensive vaccination, PEDV continues to circulate in China, underscoring the need for updated molecular epidemiological surveillance. Here, we investigated the prevalence, genetic diversity, and pathogenicity of PEDV strains circulating in China during 2023-2024. A total of 714 clinical samples were collected from diarrheic pigs in seven major swine-producing regions. PEDV RNA was detected in 36.27% of samples, with substantial positivity observed in both anal and nasal swabs. Phylogenetic analysis based on the full-length S gene revealed that circulating strains clustered into multiple subgroups, including GIa, GIIa, GIIb, and GIIc, with GIIc being predominant, indicating pronounced genetic diversity and co-circulation of distinct lineages. Two PEDV strains were isolated from PEDV-positive intestinal tissues and designated PEDV-HeiHo-2024 (GIIb) and PEDV-NJZU-2024 (GIa). Recombination analysis identified PEDV-HeiHo-2024 as a putative recombinant derived from distinct GII lineage strains. Comparative analyses of key neutralizing epitopes and N-linked glycosylation sites in the S protein revealed substantial divergence from classical vaccine strains. Experimental infection of neonatal piglets demonstrated that PEDV-HeiHo-2024 induced severe diarrhea and characteristic intestinal lesions, confirming its high pathogenicity, whereas PEDV-NJZU-2024 showed no apparent pathogenic effects. Collectively, these findings highlight the continued circulation of genetically diverse and pathogenic PEDV strains in China and emphasize the importance of sustained molecular surveillance and vaccine updates.

Indexed as

Coronavirus InfectionsGenetic VariationPorcine epidemic diarrhea virusSwine DiseasesAnimalsChinaPhylogenyRecombination, GeneticSwineVirulencegenetic recombinationmolecular epidemiologypathogenicityphylogenetic analysisporcine epidemic diarrhea virus

Identifiers

PMID42164053
PMCPMC13184637

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.