Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42164243›Full record

ArticleGlobal mental health (Cambridge, England)2026

Effect of virtual reality (VR) technology on anxiety control and acrophobia reduction: A randomized controlled trial in Iran.

Cathal Breen, Freshteh Osmani, Seyed Reza Sajadi, Saeed Mohtasham, Mohsen Khosravi, Majid Zare-Bidaki

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Global mental health (Cambridge, England), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Cathal BreenEdinburgh Napier University, UK.
Freshteh OsmaniBirjand University of Medical Sciences, Iran, Islamic Republic of.
Seyed Reza SajadiMashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran, Islamic Republic of.
Saeed MohtashamBirjand University of Medical Sciences, Iran, Islamic Republic of.
Mohsen KhosraviBirjand University of Medical Sciences, Iran, Islamic Republic of.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0576-7660
Majid Zare-BidakiBirjand University of Medical Sciences, Iran, Islamic Republic of.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In recent years, utilizing technologies, such as virtual reality in mental healthcare and treatment, has developed significantly. This study aimed to investigate the effect of using virtual reality (VR) technology on controlling anxiety and reducing fear of heights (acrophobia). This study was a randomized controlled trial conducted in Birjand, Iran, in 2020. 120 participants were recruited and randomly allocated into two groups: intervention and control. The intervention group underwent a single simulated exposure to height using a virtual reality headset. The Beck Anxiety Inventory, alongside a researcher-developed questionnaire were administered as pre-tests to assess acrophobia. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 23, with significance level at 0.05. The intervention group showed significantly reduced anxiety and acrophobia scores immediately and 1 month after exposure (P < 0.05). Post-exposure, both anxiety and acrophobia scores were significantly lower in the intervention group compared to the control group (P = 0.03 and P < 0.001, respectively), with no significant differences between groups before exposure or 1 month later (P > 0.05). The study concluded that VR technology is an effective tool for reducing anxiety and acrophobia. This approach appears to hold significant promise as a therapeutic modality for psychiatrists treating patients with acrophobia.

Indexed as

anxiety phobic disordersautomationdigital healthmental healthvirtual realityvirtual reality exposure therapy

Identifiers

PMID42164243
PMCPMC13184657

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.