ArticleJournal of veterinary emergency and critical care (San Antonio, Tex. : 2001)
Clinical Findings, Treatment Recommendations, and Outcome in Dogs Following Ingestion of a Single Unintended Dose of Trilostane: 403 Cases (2008-2023).
Article in Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care (San Antonio, Tex. : 2001). The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectiveTo characterize the clinical signs and outcomes in dogs following ingestion of a single, unintended dose of trilostane. The secondary objective was to describe treatment recommendations given for this population.
designRetrospective evaluation of cases of canine trilostane exposure from February 2008 to August 2023.
settingPrivate, specialty toxicology consultation service. ANIMALS: Four hundred three cases were selected from the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA) Animal Poison Control Center AnTox database using a nonstratified sampling technique. Data included patient demographics, history, therapeutic use of trilostane, exposure history, diagnostic findings, treatment recommendations, and outcome.
interventionsNone. METHODS AND MAIN
resultsThe most common cause of trilostane exposure was ingestion of another dog's prescription (248/403 [61.5%]), followed by ingestion of extra or excessive dose(s) of the dog's own prescription (147/403 [36.5%]). Forty-one dogs (41/403 [10.2%]) had clinical signs attributable to trilostane exposure. Median onset of clinical signs after exposure was 2.5 h (range: 0.25-72 h). The most frequently reported clinical signs were vomiting (17/41 [41.5%]), lethargy (15/41 [36.6%]), and diarrhea (7/41 [17.0%]). Four cases (4/403 [0.99%]) were reported to require veterinary treatment for trilostane toxicosis. Of the cases with follow-up from the ASPCA (200/403 [49.6%]), most dogs (188/200 [93.5%]) developed no clinical signs from acute trilostane exposure. The median exposure dosage (13.2 mg/kg) in the 12 dogs that developed clinical signs was significantly higher than in those that did not (3.3 mg/kg).
conclusionsThe current study suggests that dogs ingesting a single, unintended dose of trilostane are likely to experience mild, self-limiting signs. The need for extensive hospitalization or aggressive medical care is unlikely, even with high single doses that exceed the published and Food and Drug Administration-approved therapeutic dosage.
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