ArticleBMC pregnancy and childbirth2026
Association between pre-pregnancy body mass index and neonatal outcomes in women undergoing assisted reproductive technology: a retrospective study.
Article in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectiveART and pre-pregnancy BMI are strongly associated with neonatal outcomes, but there are fewer relevant studies. Our objective was to analyze the association between pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and neonatal outcomes in women planning assisted reproductive technology (ART).
methodsThis was a retrospective study that included 994 ART singleton mothers who delivered in hospitals from July 2020 to June 2024. Mothers were categorized into 4 groups based on BMI (kg/m
resultsAmong all mothers, pre-pregnancy underweight increased the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for small for gestational age (SGA) to 3.97-fold compared to normal-weight mothers; overweight/obesity significantly increased the risk of macrosomia and large for gestational age (LGA), with aORs of 5.047 and 2.935-fold, respectively. In gestational weight gain (GWG) subgroup analyses, when GWG was adequate, pre-pregnancy underweight mothers were more likely to develop SGA than normal-weight mothers (aOR 4.649, 95% CI: 1.316-16.426), and overweight/obese mothers were not associated with adverse neonatal outcomes. When GWG was excessive, pre-pregnancy underweight mothers were 3.986 times more likely to be at risk of developing SGA than normal-weight mothers; pre-pregnancy overweight/obese mothers were 4.466 and 3.010 times more likely to develop macrosomia and LGA, respectively, compared to normal-weight mothers.
conclusionMaternal preconception underweight is associated with SGA regardless of whether GWG is adequate or excessive. For pre-pregnancy overweight or obese mothers, maintaining GWG in the target range can reduce the risk of adverse neonatal outcomes; if GWG is excessive, it is associated with macrosomia and LGA.
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