ArticleAmerican journal of translational research2026
Retrospective analysis of the association between anti-Müllerian hormone levels and metabolism and reproductive outcome across different PCOS phenotypes.
Article in American journal of translational research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectiveThe aim of this study is to explore the relationship between the levels of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and metabolic and reproductive outcomes across different polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) phenotypes.
methodsIn this retrospective study, 286 PCOS patients undergoing intrauterine insemination (IUI) were defined into a high AMH group (>7.0 ng/mL, n = 159) and a low AMH group (≤7.0 ng/mL, n = 127) based on the upper normal limit. Serum AMH, basal hormones (testosterone [TESTO], basal follicle-stimulating hormone [bFSH], basal luteinizing hormone [bLH]), and metabolic indicators (triglycerides [TG], total cholesterol, fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin [FINS], homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance [HOMA-IR]) were measured on menstrual cycle days 2-4. Reproductive outcomes were recorded.
resultsThe high AMH group had higher prevalence of polycystic ovarian morphology (81.13% vs. 70.08%, P = 0.029) and classic phenotype (35.22% vs. 19.69%, P = 0.004). TESTO (50.82 vs. 45.28 ng/dL, P = 0.002), bLH (8.17 vs. 7.46 IU/L, P = 0.013), TG (0.96 vs. 0.87 mmol/L, P = 0.008), FINS (9.79 vs. 8.86 mIU/L, P = 0.006), and HOMA-IR (2.28 vs. 2.09, P = 0.009) were notably elevated in the high AMH group, as was the rate of early miscarriage (10.06% vs. 2.36%, P = 0.009). A multivariate analysis revealed that high AMH independently increases the risk of early miscarriage (OR = 2.844, P = 0.023).
conclusionsElevated AMH is associated with more severe PCOS phenotypes, adverse metabolic profiles, and increased early miscarriage risk, suggesting its utility as a biomarker for stratification and prognosis in PCOS patients.
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