ReviewLupus science & medicine2026
Antiphospholipid antibody associated retinal microvascular impairment: a case report and literature review.
Review in Lupus science & medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Ocular involvement in antiphospholipid syndrome typically manifests as retinal artery or vein occlusions. Isolated progressive retinal microvascular impairment as associated with antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) is rare and poorly characterised.This study is a retrospective case report and literature review. A 35-year-old male presented with bilateral progressive retinal microvascular impairment as the sole clinical manifestation, characterised by concentric capillary dropout beginning in the far periphery and extending towards the juxtafoveal region, accompanied by progressive enlargement of the foveal avascular zone. Laboratory tests confirmed persistently elevated anti-beta-2-glycoprotein-1 IgM. Ultra-widefield fluorescein angiography and optical coherence tomography angiography comprehensively documented the microvascular impairment. Despite sequential treatment with pan-retinal photocoagulation, antiplatelet, anticoagulant and immunosuppressive therapies, microvascular deterioration progressed. Scattered recanalisation of occluded microvasculature was observed following the introduction of sirolimus.This case provides longitudinal in vivo evidence for the involvement of aPL in the pathogenesis of progressive retinal microcirculatory compromise. The advancement of ocular imaging techniques, especially ultra-widefield angiography and optical coherence tomography angiography, is critical for the recognition and characterisation of this microvascular phenotype, which may expand the clinical spectrum of aPL-related microvascular diseases.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.