Evidence mapPaperPMID 42180488Full record

ArticleFrontiers in public health2026

Changes in frailty and incident risk of degenerative bone and joint diseases and their multimorbidity: a prospective cohort study.

Minghao Jin, Jiawei Liu, Xin Song, Bowen Lei, Yan Su, Zhongyuan Shi, Dan Xu, Bin Yang, Di Zhang, Xiaofeng Ma and 10 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors.

Minghao JinDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Jiawei LiuDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Xin SongDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Bowen LeiDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Yan SuDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Zhongyuan ShiDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Dan XuDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Bin YangDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Di ZhangDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Xiaofeng MaDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Hao LiDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Zilan ChenDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Zihao LiDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Yuqi PangDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Yangdan ZhongDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Maoyao XiaDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Ye JuDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Zhi FengDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Mengyu FanDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Xia JiangDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Frailty reflects multisystem physiological vulnerability and has been associated with an array of adverse health outcomes. However, evidence on how frailty and its longitudinal changes relate to degenerative bone and joint diseases (DBJDs) and their multimorbidity remains limited. Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study using data from the UK Biobank (UKB). Frailty was evaluated using a validated frailty index (FI). Changes in frailty were characterized by frailty status transitions, the rate of change in FI (ΔFI), and cumulative burden (total FI). Incident DBJDs including osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, and intervertebral disc degeneration as well as degenerative bone and joint multimorbidity (DBJM) were ascertained through linkage to health records. Cox regression models were used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs). Results: Compared with baseline non-frail participants, frail individuals had substantially higher risks of both DBJDs (HR = 2.06, 95%CI = 2.01-2.11) and DBJM (HR = 3.89, 95%CI = 3.62-4.18), with pre-frail participants showing intermediate risks. In transitions analyses, compared with participants who remained stable, those who progressed to worse status had increased risks of DBJDs (non-frail → pre-frail/frail: HR = 1.33, 95%CI = 1.21-1.47; pre-frail → frail: HR = 1.39, 95%CI = 1.20-1.60). In contrast, frailty recovery from pre-frailty to non-frailty was associated with a decreased risk of DBJDs (HR = 0.80, 95%CI = 0.71-0.91), although evidence for frailty recovery was less consistent overall. Conclusion: Frailty status and its longitudinal changes are strongly associated with the risk of incident DBJDs and DBJM. Frailty progression and cumulative frailty burden confer substantially increased risks, while frailty recovery may be associated with a lower risk, although the evidence remains limited.

Indexed as

FrailtyJoint DiseasesMultimorbidityAgedFemaleHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedOsteoarthritisProspective StudiesRisk FactorsUK BiobankUnited Kingdomcohort studydegenerative bone and joint diseasesdynamic naturefrailtyreversibility

Identifiers

PMID42180488
PMCPMC13194387

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.