Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42180495›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in public health2026

Environmental determinants of hiking, jogging, and cycling along the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei grand canal: implications for health promotion.

Zihan Cai, Yi Yu, Ming Lu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Zihan CaiSchool of Architecture and Art Design, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China.
Yi YuSchool of Architecture and Art Design, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China.
Ming LuSchool of Architecture and Design, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: The Grand Canal in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei offers abundant ecological resources and socio-economic value that can support physical activity and social interaction, yet its use remains largely spontaneous and underutilized for regional health promotion. Methods: This study quantifies how canal-adjacent space promotes hiking, jogging, and cycling, identifies correlating features and spatial heterogeneity, and proposes optimization recommendations. Using participant movement trajectories, we combine XGBoost with multiscale geographically weighted regression to assess factor importance and spatial nonlinearity. K-Means clustering classifies canal-adjacent areas into ecology (52.9%), service (29.5%), living (11.7%), and mixed (5.9%) types; Natural Breaks delineates advantage zones for physical activity. Results: Promotion indices derived from factor weight coefficients quantifies conversion efficiency across spatial types. Illumination intensity and population density correlate strongly with three activity types. Hiking is mainly driven by slope gradient, accessibility to fitness facilities, and NDVI; jogging correlates with office complex, canopy height, and distance to bus station; cycling depends mostly on natural features. Discussion: Effects are generally nonlinear and spatially heterogeneous, centering on the Beijing-Tianjin segment with decreasing influence toward the periphery. In addition, comparing the four spatial types, mixed spaces show the highest conversion efficiency. We propose targeted development strategies and a progressive spatial enhancement model to strengthen sports functions.

Indexed as

BicyclingEnvironmentHealth PromotionJoggingWalkingBeijingChinaHumansmachine learningmultiscale spatial analysisphysical activity promotion mechanismspatial patterns optimizationsustainable healthy regional planningthe grand canal of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei

Identifiers

PMID42180495
PMCPMC13190428

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.