ArticleSports (Basel, Switzerland)2026
Limited Association Between Body Mass Index and Selected Components of Physical Fitness in Higher Education Physical Education Students: A Sex- and Country-Specific Analysis.
Article in Sports (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundBody mass index (BMI) is widely used as a simple anthropometric indicator, but its functional relevance to physical fitness in physically active populations, such as Physical Education students, remains debated.
aimThis study examined the association between BMI and selected components of physical fitness in Physical Education students, considering sex and country differences.
methodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among undergraduate Physical Education students from Poland and Romania (
resultsAssociations between BMI and fitness components were small in magnitude and inconsistent (r = -0.28 to 0.143; β = -1.614 to 0.005) and varied across tests and subgroups. No significant interaction effects by sex or country were observed, as interaction terms were not statistically significant, and no clear nonlinear relationships were identified. Sex and country were significantly associated with performance levels, whereas BMI contributed only marginally to explaining variability (ΔR
conclusionsBMI showed limited and inconsistent associations with the assessed fitness components in this relatively homogeneous group of Physical Education students. It should be interpreted cautiously as a functional indicator and complemented with more precise measures of body composition and physical fitness.
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