Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42194136›Full record

ReviewChildren (Basel, Switzerland)2026

Bullying as an Adverse Childhood Experience?-State of the Art.

Lea Berger, Eva Möhler

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Children (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Lea BergerDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Universität des Saarlandes, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.ORCID 0009-0004-0286-7852
Eva MöhlerDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Universität des Saarlandes, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-5620-1563

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The objective of this state-of-the-art review was to ascertain whether bullying should be regarded as an ACE. To that end, a systematic search of the extant literature was conducted. A comprehensive search of three databases yielded 27 studies that met the inclusion criteria. The papers that were identified were sorted into the following categories: expanded ACE, associations between ACEs and bullying, latent class analysis, biological stress markers and negative health outcomes associated with ACEs and bullying. The extant evidence indicates that bullying falls within the ambit of the ACE concept. Moreover, bullying contributes independently and as part of the cumulative score to the prediction of negative health outcomes. However, minor discrepancies to other ACEs were identified, for example in the different path of embodiment regarding changes in BMI. It is recommended that subsequent studies incorporate bullying as an element of their ACE measurements. One approach to doing so would be to utilize the ACE-IQ. Further research is necessary to elucidate the embodiment of the consequences of ACEs and bullying.

Indexed as

ACEbullyingchildrentrauma

Identifiers

PMID42194136
PMCPMC13205044

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.