ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2026
Two Worlds, One Battle: How Bacteria and Malignancies Converge on Drug Resistance.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Drug resistance represents one of the most critical challenges in modern medicine, undermining the efficacy of therapies across both bacterial infections and cancer. Although these conditions arise in fundamentally distinct biological systems, they are governed by shared evolutionary pressures that drive the emergence and selection of resistant populations. This narrative review provides an integrative, cross-disciplinary perspective on drug resistance, focusing on bacteria and cancer and emphasizing the shared evolutionary and molecular mechanisms underlying treatment failure in both domains. Key resistance strategies include efflux-mediated drug export, target modification, enzymatic drug inactivation, metabolic reprogramming, epigenetic and transcriptional plasticity, and protection conferred by specialized microenvironments. These processes are further reinforced by phenotypic heterogeneity, including bacterial persister cells and cancer stem-like cells, which contribute to recurrence and multidrug resistance. Collectively, these parallels define drug resistance as a convergent evolutionary phenomenon driven by adaptability under selective pressure. Recognizing these shared mechanisms reveals important translational opportunities for therapeutic intervention. Strategies such as combination therapy, drug repurposing, nanotechnology-enabled delivery systems, and host-directed approaches offer promising avenues to prevent, delay, or overcome resistance. By integrating insights from microbiology and oncology, this review proposes a unified framework for resistance biology and highlights the potential of cross-disciplinary strategies to improve treatment durability and clinical outcomes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.