ArticleJournal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD2026
Laboratory-based turning performance during walking in people with mild cognitive impairment and dementia.
Article in Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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8 authors.
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Abstract
BackgroundMobility impairments during straight-line walking show utility in detecting dementia-related cognitive impairment (e.g., Alzheimer's disease). Wearable technologies can now derive mobility outcomes related to turning, considered a more cognitively complex movement. However, it is unclear which turning variables would best detect cognitive impairment.ObjectiveThis study aimed to develop a data-driven model of turning performance relevant to cognitive impairment and compare selected turning variables between people with cognitive impairment and cognitively-intact older adults.Methods77 people with cognitive impairment (31 mild cognitive impairment, 46 dementia) and 28 cognitively-intact older adults. performed six intermittent walking trials with a 180° turn while wearing an inertial measurement unit (APDM Opal) attached to their lower back. 102 spatiotemporal and signal-based turning variables were captured. Following data reduction, 15 variables underwent exploratory factor analysis. One-way ANCOVA, adjusting for age, sex and height, explored between-group differences (Bonferroni correction applied).ResultsThree factors emerged: turn initiation, magnitude and smoothness, accounting for 67% of the total variance in turning performance. The cognitively impaired group demonstrated significant differences in turn initiation (start-phase root mean square (RMS) in vertical direction, start-phase jerk RMS in vertical/mediolateral/anterior-posterior directions) and magnitude (mid-phase RMS in mediolateral direction, mean RMS in vertical direction) domains (p < 0.003) with moderate-large effect sizes (Partial η
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