ReviewInternational journal of nanomedicine2026
Smart Nanogel Systems for Periodontitis Management: A Review of Microenvironment-Targeted Therapies.
Review in International journal of nanomedicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease driven by microbial dysbiosis and characterized by an exaggerated host immune response, leading to progressive and irreversible alveolar bone resorption. Current therapies, such as mechanical debridement and antibiotics, are empirical and fail to address the dynamic pathological microenvironment, resulting in incomplete pathogen eradication and poor tissue regeneration. Recent advances in nanotechnology have enabled the development of nanogel-based systems that intelligently adapt to key microenvironmental features, including pH fluctuations, reactive oxygen species (ROS), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and microbial biofilms, enabling on-demand drug release, synergistic antibacterial effects, and enhanced regeneration. This review aims to provide a comprehensive and critical overview of responsive nanogels for precise periodontitis treatment. Based on a systematic analysis of the literature published in recent years, the material basis and design principles of nanogels are comprehensively summarized, with emphasis on innovative strategies for periodontal microgels, and the mechanisms of regulation of infection, inflammation and tissue remodeling are discussed. Special emphasis is placed on recent advances in multifunctional nanogel systems that enable more precise and controlled therapeutic interventions. In addition, this review critically discusses the advantages and limitations of different response strategies and outlines key challenges related to biosafety, reproducibility, scalability, and clinical transition. Overall, responsive nanogels represent a promising platform for improving efficacy and specificity of periodontal treatments, although further efforts are needed to facilitate their translation into clinical applications.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.