Evidence mapPaperPMID 42202790Full record

ArticleCell reports. Medicine2026

Gut microbiome composition and functional potential associate with incident type 2 diabetes in 4,685 adults from a Swedish prospective cohort.

Gaël Toubon, Fredrik Boulund, Cecilia Martinez Escobedo, Carl Brunius, Lars Engstrand, Susanna C Larsson, Elise Nordin, Ina Schuppe-Koistinen, Alicja Wolk, Clemens Wittenbecher and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cell reports. Medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Gaël ToubonDivision of Food and Nutrition Science, Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden; Centre for Translational Microbiome Research, Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. Electronic address: gael.toubon@chalmers.se.
Fredrik BoulundCentre for Translational Microbiome Research, Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Cecilia Martinez EscobedoDivision of Food and Nutrition Science, Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Carl BruniusDivision of Food and Nutrition Science, Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Lars EngstrandCentre for Translational Microbiome Research, Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Susanna C LarssonUnit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Medical Epidemiology, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Elise NordinDivision of Food and Nutrition Science, Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Ina Schuppe-KoistinenCentre for Translational Microbiome Research, Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Alicja WolkUnit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Clemens WittenbecherDivision of Food and Nutrition Science, Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Rikard LandbergDivision of Food and Nutrition Science, Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden. Electronic address: rikard.landberg@chalmers.se.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cross-sectional studies link gut microbiome alterations to type 2 diabetes (T2D), but prospective evidence remains limited. We aim to identify taxonomic and functional features associated with future T2D risk. We analyze shotgun metagenomic data from 4,685 participants (mean age, 73.9 years; 49.0% women) in the Swedish SIMPLER cohort, followed for a median 5.3 years, during which 383 developed T2D. Six species are associated with increased T2D risk: Desulfovibrio piger, Alistipes communis, Alistipes finegoldii, Akkermansia muciniphila, Ruminococcus gnavus, and GGB3614_SGB4886 (Lachnospiraceae), while three are protective: Erysipelotrichaceae bacterium, Coprococcus catus, and Clostridia unclassified SGB6317. We observe context-specific associations, including a dietary fiber-modified effect for A. muciniphila indicative of diet-dependent patterns. Three gut metabolic modules are associated with incident T2D: asparagine degradation (higher risk), mannose degradation, and the non-oxidative pentose phosphate pathway (lower risk). These prospective findings offer insights into T2D etiology and may support microbiome-informed strategies for risk prediction and prevention.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Gastrointestinal MicrobiomeAgedEubacterialesFemaleHumansIncidenceMaleProspective StudiesSwedengut microbiomeincident type 2 diabetesmachine learningmicrobial functional potentialprospective cohort studyshotgun sequencing

Identifiers

PMID42202790
PMCPMC13293967

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.