ArticleInfection and drug resistance2026
Prediction for the Therapeutic Efficacy of Topical Nocardia Rubra Cell Wall Skeleton Human Papillomavirus Infection: A Retrospective Study.
Article in Infection and drug resistance, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Objective: To develop and validate an individualized clinical prediction model for estimating the therapeutic efficacy of topical Methods: This single-center retrospective cohort study included 180 patients who received topical Nr-CWS treatment. According to human papillomavirus deoxyribonucleic acid (HPV-DNA) clearance status at 12 months after treatment, patients were classified into an effective group and an ineffective group. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to evaluate treatment efficacy. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were performed to identify independent predictors associated with treatment outcomes. A nomogram prediction model was constructed based on the identified independent predictors. Results: The cumulative effectiveness rate of Nr-CWS treatment at 12 months was 82.22%. Age, HPV subtype, and treatment adherence were independent predictors of therapeutic efficacy. The nomogram model constructed based on these predictors showed good discrimination, with an AUC of 0.803 (95% CI: 0.716-0.890) and a C-index of 0.860, and was well-calibrated (mean absolute error = 0.026). Decision curve analysis demonstrated a positive net clinical benefit across a wide range of threshold probabilities. Conclusion: This study successfully identified key clinical predictors influencing the efficacy of Nr-CWS therapy and developed a well-calibrated clinical prediction model. The model demonstrates good discrimination, calibration, and clinical applicability for individualized prediction of treatment response in patients with high-risk HPV infection. These findings offer a practical and visualized tool to support clinical decision-making. However, further validation in larger, multicenter cohorts is required.
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