Evidence mapPaperPMID 42208993Full record

Observational studyBMJ open2026

TACKLE concussion study: an observational study of post-concussion biomarker and neuroimaging progression in adolescent male school sports-related concussion.

Xuan Vinh To, Brett Robinson, Gary Mitchell, Warren McDonald, Paul Cumming, Jessie Wood, Teresa Mammone, Tracey Evans, Jason Ross, Fatima Nasrallah

Abstract readObservational Study
In one paragraph

Observational study in BMJ open, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Xuan Vinh ToQueensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia x.to@uq.edu.au f.nasrallah@uq.edu.au.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6527-7356
Brett RobinsonWorld Rugby Limited, Dublin, Ireland.
Gary MitchellRoyal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Metro North Health, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Warren McDonaldRugby Australia Limited, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Paul CummingDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, Inselspital University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Jessie WoodQueensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Teresa MammoneQueensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Tracey EvansQueensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Jason RossHealth and Biosecurity, CSIRO, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia.
Fatima NasrallahQueensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia x.to@uq.edu.au f.nasrallah@uq.edu.au.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7385-9559

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionSports-related concussion (SRC) is an established research topic in the context of sport professionals suffering from mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), but there is scant investigation of SRC arising in school-aged athletes. Effective management of SRC in adolescents is especially dependent on obtaining an understanding of its pathophysiology and the multifaceted nature of recovery. In this planned observational study, we shall investigate the associations among multimodal data comprising blood-based and saliva-based biomarkers, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), quantified susceptibility imaging (QSM), resting state functional connectivity MRI (rsfMRI) and cognitive testing in school rugby players with a conventional diagnosis of concussion. Our objective is to map out a natural history of the post-concussion injury and recovery process as measured by diverse biomarkers. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This prospective cohort study will enrol 450 male adolescents who participate in sports (including rugby, basketball and swimming). We shall quantify blood biomarker levels (total tau, neurofilament light, glial fibrillar acidic protein and ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1), white matter integrity on DTI, cerebral venous oxygen saturation on QSM, connectivity metrics on rsfMRI and cognitive performance after SRC. We conduct measurements at pre-injury baseline measure and post-SRC at four to five pivotal times: day 1 (day of injury), 3, 6, 13 and 21 (if symptoms persist) post-concussion. Using mixed-effects and trajectory modelling, we shall assess biomarker trajectories.We have secured ethical approval for this study from The University of Queensland's Human Research Ethics Committee, Queensland. We shall inform participants and/or their guardians verbally and in writing of the study's scope and procedures as a condition for informed consent. The dissemination of findings shall entail peer-reviewed publications and presentations at national and international conferences and via research and clinical networks. Completion of this study should provide a clearer understanding of anatomic and functional outcomes in adolescents with sports-related concussion. BENEFITS OF THE STUDY: The multimodal investigation of a cohort of adolescents suffering from concussion in the context of community sports should offer broad insight into the effects of mTBI on the developing brain.

Indexed as

Athletic InjuriesBrain ConcussionAdolescentBiomarkersDiffusion Tensor ImagingFootballGlial Fibrillary Acidic ProteinHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleNeurofilament ProteinsNeuroimagingProspective StudiesSalivaBiomarkersGlial Fibrillary Acidic ProteinNeurofilament ProteinsBrain InjuriesNeurological injuryRehabilitation medicine

Identifiers

PMID42208993
PMCPMC13223663

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.